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Volume 28, Issue 3 (Autumn 2022)
IJPCP 2022, 28(3): 362-397 |
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Muzaffar Janjua M, khan A, Kamal A. Effect of Exposure to Media Images on Self-Esteem, Body Esteem, and Body Image Anxiety of College Students in Pakistan. IJPCP 2022; 28 (3) :362-397
URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3705-en.html
URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3705-en.html
1- University of Wah, Punjab, Pakistan.
2- University of Wah, Punjab, Pakistan. ,ayeshainam946@gmail.com
3- Vice-Chancellor at Rawalpindi Women University, Punjab, Pakistan.
2- University of Wah, Punjab, Pakistan. ,
3- Vice-Chancellor at Rawalpindi Women University, Punjab, Pakistan.
Abstract: (551 Views)
Objectives There are many different types of media in the world. Exposure to media images can have effect in different ways. The current study aims to explores the impact of exposure to media images on self-esteem, body esteem, and body image anxiety of college students in Pakistan.
Methods This is an experimental study. A 2×3×2 mixed factorial pretest-posttest design was used to examine the effect of exposure to media images on the study variables. Participants were 150 college students (75 females and 75 males) who divided into three groups of experimental group I, experimental group II, and control group. To assess the self-esteem of participants, the State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES) was used. The Body Esteem Scale (TBES) was used to measure the body esteem. The state version of the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS) was used to measure body image anxiety.Mixed ANOVA was used to examine the effects of group, gender, and age on the study variables.
Results The results showed the significant interaction effect of gender and group on the self-esteem F(2,144)=3.676, P=0.028), body esteem F(2,144)=7.119, P<0.001), and body image anxiety F(2,144)=9.306, P<0.001).
Conclusion In a developing country like Pakistan, exposure to ideal media images has a significant negative effect on self-esteem and body esteem of college students which leads to their body image anxiety. Low self-esteem after exposure to media images seems to be more prevalent in male students that in females. On the contrary, females have lower body esteem. On the other hand, male students have lower body image anxiety than females.
Methods This is an experimental study. A 2×3×2 mixed factorial pretest-posttest design was used to examine the effect of exposure to media images on the study variables. Participants were 150 college students (75 females and 75 males) who divided into three groups of experimental group I, experimental group II, and control group. To assess the self-esteem of participants, the State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES) was used. The Body Esteem Scale (TBES) was used to measure the body esteem. The state version of the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS) was used to measure body image anxiety.Mixed ANOVA was used to examine the effects of group, gender, and age on the study variables.
Results The results showed the significant interaction effect of gender and group on the self-esteem F(2,144)=3.676, P=0.028), body esteem F(2,144)=7.119, P<0.001), and body image anxiety F(2,144)=9.306, P<0.001).
Conclusion In a developing country like Pakistan, exposure to ideal media images has a significant negative effect on self-esteem and body esteem of college students which leads to their body image anxiety. Low self-esteem after exposure to media images seems to be more prevalent in male students that in females. On the contrary, females have lower body esteem. On the other hand, male students have lower body image anxiety than females.
Type of Study: Original Research |
Subject:
Psychiatry and Psychology
Received: 2022/03/14 | Accepted: 2022/12/3 | Published: 2022/12/22
Received: 2022/03/14 | Accepted: 2022/12/3 | Published: 2022/12/22
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