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Volume 31, Issue 1 (Continuously Updated 2025)
IJPCP 2025, 31(1): 0-0 |
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Gheysari F, Mazaheri M. The Effect of tDCS on the Executive Functions of Iranian Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. IJPCP 2025; 31 (1)
URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4329-en.html
URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4329-en.html
1- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.
2- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. ,mazaheri@hamoon.usb.ac.ir
2- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran. ,
Abstract: (47 Views)
Objectives Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a promising treatment for the rehabilitation of patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. The present study was aimed to review the impact of tDCS on the executive functions of Iranian children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Methods This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. The related studies from 2014 to 2024 were searched in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), and the comprehensive humanities portal. The qualitative assessment of studies was performed using the Jadad scale. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in CMA software, version 2 to measure the effect size. Duval and Tweedie’s trim-and-fill method and funnel plots were used to analyze sensitivity and publication bias. After careful screening, 23 studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.
Results The meta-analysis results showed a significant effect of tDCS on the executive functions of Iranian children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (SDM=1.04; 95% CI, 0.83%, 1.25%; P<0.001). The subgroup analysis showed that tDCS had the greatest effect on the attention component compared to other components of executive function. Also, tDCS had a greater effect on children and adolescents with specific learning disorders than on those with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Conclusion Although there are promising findings for the effectiveness of tDCS in improving attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorder, there is a lack of randomized controlled clinical trials with long-term follow-up in Iran, especially for autism spectrum disorder.
Methods This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. The related studies from 2014 to 2024 were searched in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), and the comprehensive humanities portal. The qualitative assessment of studies was performed using the Jadad scale. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in CMA software, version 2 to measure the effect size. Duval and Tweedie’s trim-and-fill method and funnel plots were used to analyze sensitivity and publication bias. After careful screening, 23 studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.
Results The meta-analysis results showed a significant effect of tDCS on the executive functions of Iranian children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (SDM=1.04; 95% CI, 0.83%, 1.25%; P<0.001). The subgroup analysis showed that tDCS had the greatest effect on the attention component compared to other components of executive function. Also, tDCS had a greater effect on children and adolescents with specific learning disorders than on those with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Conclusion Although there are promising findings for the effectiveness of tDCS in improving attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorder, there is a lack of randomized controlled clinical trials with long-term follow-up in Iran, especially for autism spectrum disorder.
Keywords: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Executive unctions, Neurodevelopmental disorders
Type of Study: Rewie |
Subject:
Psychiatry and Psychology
Received: 2024/09/25 | Accepted: 2025/06/6 | Published: 2025/07/10
Received: 2024/09/25 | Accepted: 2025/06/6 | Published: 2025/07/10
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