Objectives: The study was performed to determine the factor structure of the Persian translation of Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID 5).

Methods: After translation and back translation of PID-5, it was performed on 217 subjects, including 114 healthy students and 103 patients with personality disorders. Exploratory factor analysis was done using principal component analysis and direct oblimin rotation to determine the main factors of the inventory and factor loading of the facets. We used SPSS 20 for data analyses.

Results: Using direct oblimin rotation, 5 factors were extracted. The 1st factor Depression-Anxiety includes 8 facets: anhedonia, anxiousness, depressivity, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsiveness, separation insecurity and submissiveness. The 2nd factor Antagonism includes 6 facets: attention seeking, callousness, deceitfulness, grandiosity, hostility and manipulativeness. The 3rd factor Detachment includes 4 facets: intimacy avoidance, restricted affectivity, withdrawal and suspiciousness. The 4th factor includes 5 facets: preservation, rigid perfectionism, impulsiveness, irresponsibility and risk taking. Finally, eccentricity, perceptual dysregulation, unusual beliefs, and experiences were categorized under the 5th factor

Conclusions: The Persian version of PID-5 has acceptable construct validity and could be used as an assessment tool for personality disorders in Iranian samples, if other types of validity and reliability of the tool are proved to be satisfactory.