Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
Effectiveness of Group Intervention based on Positive Psychology in Reducing Symptoms of Depression and Anxiety and Increasing Life Satisfaction in Adolescent Girls
296
287
FA
Mahsa
Jabbari
Corresponding author: Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, IR. Fax: +9821-22431688
Shahriar
Shahidi
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Fereshteh
Mootabi
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the
effectiveness of group intervention based on positive psychology in decreasing
depression and anxiety symptoms and increasing life satisfaction in adolescent
girls. Method: Using convenient sampling method 31 girls aged
14-15 years with mild to moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety were assigned
randomly to experimental and control groups.
The intervention was given to the experimental group during 11 weekly
two-hour sessions. Depression and anxiety symptoms were measured using Depression, Anxiety, Stress
Scales (DASS-21) and life satisfaction was measured
using Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), before and after four months of
intervention. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of
variances. Results: The results showed that in the experimental
compared with the control group symptoms of depression (p=0.002, F=1018),
anxiety (p=0.005, F=9.31) and stress (p=0.001, F=12.62) were decreased, while
life satisfaction (p=0.003, F=10.18) was increased. The inter-group
changes of all variables at follow-up and 9-month periods were not significant
compared with post-test. Conclusion: Group intervention based on
positive psychology reduces depression, anxiety and stress significantly.
Therefore, it could be used to reduce preclinical symptoms
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and Behavioral Activation Treatment for Depression in Reducing Symptoms, Improving Quality of Life and Decreasing Suicidal Thoughts in Depressed Individuals
297
308
FA
Davood
Jafari
Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Malayer, Iran, IR. Fax: +98851-2228236
Mahdieh
Salehi
Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAU), Tehran, Iran, Tehran, Iran;
Parvaneh
Mohmmadkhani
University of Social Wafer and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Objectives: This study
was aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive
therapy with behavioral activation treatment in reducing symptoms, improving quality of life and decreasing suicidal thoughts. Method:
A quasi-experimental method and
mixed analysis of variances between-within group was
conducted. The population included students of Islamic Azad University, Malayer
Branch. Out of 364 individuals, 45 students with minimum score of 20 in Beck Depression Inventory were selected for the next stage in
which though Structured Clinical Interview based
on DSM-IV-TR (SCID-I) 34 ones with diagnosis of dysthymia were selected as study samples and randomly divided into two groups
of mindfulness-based cognitive
therapy and behavioral activation
therapy. The experimental group received therapeutic
interventions for eight sessions. The measurements
were carried out using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)
and World Helth Organization of Quality of Life (WHO-QOL) in
four phases including
pretest, fourth week evaluation, posttest, and two-month follow-up. Results:
The findings showed that both mindfulness-based
cognitive therapy and behavioral
activation have similar effects on improving depressive symptoms, life quality and suicidal thoughts. In other words, time effect (the within-group effect) was significant (p<0.05), but the between-group effect was
not significant. Conclusion: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and behavioral activation
have the same effectiveness on the quality of life and suicidal thoughts of depressed subjects.
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
The Effect of Exercise Program in Reducing Symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in children
309
316
FA
Narges
Jalali
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
Mahin
Eslami Shahrbabaki
Neurology Research Center, Psychiatry Department, Shahid Beheshti hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, IR. Fax: +98341-2110408
Mansour
Sahebozamani
Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
Objectives: This research
was conducted to study the effect of exercise program on reducing symptoms of
attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Method:
Thirty children aged 7-10 years with ADHD were chosen from a clinic in Kerman,
Iran and assigned randomly into two experimental and control groups. The
experimental group participated in physical therapy for eight weeks. Data were
collected using ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS). The parents completed ADHD-RS
prior to intervention and after second, fourth, sixth and eighth weeks of
exercise program. Data were analyzed using repeated measure analysis of
variance. Results: At the end of intervention phase and
during followups, the scores of attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity
had decreased significantly with a more reduction in the scores as time passed
(p<0.05). Conclusion: The exercise program is effective
in reducing ADHD symptoms.
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
Causal Metacognitive Model War-related Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
317
325
FA
Amir Mohsen
Rahnejat
Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, IR. Fax: +9821-22197198
Mehdi
Rabiei
Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
Seyed Hossien
Salimi
Research Center for Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
Ali
Fathi Ashtiani
Behavioral Sciences Research Center,Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
Vahid
Donyavi
Department of Psychiatry, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
Jafar
Mirzai
Sadar Psychiatry Hospital, Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs, Tehran, Iran.
Objectives: The purpose of
this study was to investigate causal metacognitive model for explaining the
symptoms of war-related chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Method:
Current descriptive correlative study was performed
on 80 subjects with war-related chronic PTSD selected conveniently among
war victims who referred to Deputy of Treatment Affairs of Health and Treatment
Office in the Ground Forces of Islamic Republic of Iran Army. The administered
instruments included thought control, metacognitive beliefs and rumination questionnaires,
PTSD symptoms checklists. Multiple
regression model was used to test relational hypotheses and Overall, Parsimonious
and Comparative fit indices to investigate the hypothesized and explained model
of fitness through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Amos Graphic software. Results: The results of the structural equation modeling for explaining
the symptoms of war-related chronic PTSD support the metacognitive model. Also,
the finding of the overall fit indices of structural equation modeling (c2=1.82, GFI= 0.90, RMSEA=0.041) showed
that the model is fit to data and closely related to the theoretical
assumptions. Conclusion: Metacognitive beliefs through the mediation of thought
control strategies and rumination influenced symptoms of war-related chronic
PTSD and this causal model may facilitate case formulation and clinical
treatment in veterans with this disorder.
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
Psychometric Properties of 5-Dimension Personality Test (5DPT): an Instrument for Psychopathology Assessments
326
338
FA
Saeed
Akbari Zardkhaneh
Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, IR. Fax: +9821-88259418
Hamid
Yaghubi
Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
Hamid
Peyravi
University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Hamid
Poursharifi
Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
Shirin
Zeinali
Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
Naser
SobhiGharamaleki
Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran
HamidReza
HasanAbadi
Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
Hasan
HamidPour
Objectives: The purpose of the
present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of 5-Dimension
Personality Test (5DPT)-Persian version. Method: The sample
consisted of 1040 female/male students from the universities in Tehran who were
selected through multistage cluster sampling. For gathering the data, in
addition to 5DPT, the subjects were asked to complete one of the eight
instruments including: Iranian Students’ Mental Health Scale (ISMHS), Mental
Health Inventory (MHI), General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), Symptom
Checklist-25 (SCl-25), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (KPDS), The 33 item
version NEO- Personality Inventory (NEO-33), Self-Talk Scale (STS), and Beck
Hopelessness Inventory (BHI). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and
explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The
75-item short-form of the test was composed of five saturated factors fitted to
the data. These factors were neuroticism, absorption, orderliness, extroversion,
and insensitivity. Internal consistency of the factors were between 0.81 (extraversion)
and 0.68 (insensitivity) items’ correlation coefficients with the whole scale
score were satisfactory. Factors’ reliability coefficients and all accompanied
instruments were in accordance with the literature. Conclusion: The
5DPT-Persian version has suitable psychometric properties to be used in
research and clinical settings.
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
Relationship between Impulse Control Difficulties and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Adolescents with Childhood Maltreatment History: Mediating Role of Self-Inadequacy
339
348
FA
Hamid
Khanipour
Allame- Tabatabaee university, Tehran, Iran, IR. Fax: +9821-22180045
Mitra
Hakim-Shooshtari
Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Institute of Psychiatry- School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ahmad
Borjali
Allame- Tabatabaee university, Tehran, Iran.
Mahmoud
Golzari
Allame- Tabatabaee university, Tehran, Iran.
Mohamadreza
Falsafinejad
Allame- Tabatabaee university, Tehran, Iran.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship
between impulse control difficulties and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) with
mediating role of self-inadequacy in adolescents with childhood maltreatment
history. Method: In a correlation design, 169 adolescents with
childhood maltreatment history were selected using cluster sampling.
Participants were asked to complete
Non-suicidal self- Injury checklist, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation
Scale (DERS), and Self-Criticism/Self-Reassurance Scale (FSCSR). Data were
analyzed using Pearson correlation, multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA),
multivariate regression and mediation analysis. Results: The
history of NSSI was present in 49% of participants, while the history of NSSI
in girls was higher than boys. There was a significant relationship between
overall score of emotion regulation difficulties and self-criticism with
frequency of NSSI. Mediation analysis showed that self-inadequacy has a
mediating role in relationship between impulse control difficulties and NSSI. Conclusion:
It seems impulse control difficulties as an emotional vulnerability factor and
self-inadequacy as a mediating mechanism are predictors of NSSI. These findings
support emotion regulation model and developmental pathology of NSSI. The
adolescents following self-injury suffer from stable inner impulse control
disorder, although their reasons for self-injury are not because of repulsion,
self-disgust and masochism
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
The Study of Socio-Cognitive Predictors of Life Satisfaction in University Students
349
362
FA
Farzaneh
Michaeli Manee
Uromia University, Uromia, Iran, IR.
Sara
Fasihani Far
Shiraz university, Shiraz, Iran
Objectives: The purpose of
this study was examining the accuracy of predictability of cognitive-social
variables of life satisfaction in university students. Method: In
this analytical-descriptive study, 460 students (243 female and 217 male) of
bachelor’s and master’s degree in Uromia University were selected through
multistage sampling method and participated in the study. In this study, the
variables environmental protections and resources, positive emotion, self-efficacy expectations, outcome expectations, goal
progress, and educational satisfaction were predictor variable and life
satisfaction was criterion variable for which the related tests were
administered. Data were analyzed by structural equations modeling through
LISREL software. Results: The results showed an appropriate fit
to the theoretical cognitive-social model and the desirable variables of this
model were appropriate predictors for life satisfaction in the study samples.
Among predictors, environmental protections and resources were the most
powerful ones with highest path coefficient toward life satisfaction. Conclusion:
The results supported the theoretical structure of cognitive-social model
of life satisfaction and the accuracy of its predictors. All casual pathways
toward life satisfaction were positive and significant and cognitive-social
variables could explain and predict life satisfaction in university students.
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
The Severity of Grief Reactions Following Death of First-Grade Relatives
363
371
FA
Khalil
Esmaeilpour
Faculty of Education and Psychology, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran, IR. Fax: +9844 -33356009
Shahnaz
Bakhshalizadeh Moradi
Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran.
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Objectives: The goal of present study was to compare the grief reactions following first-grade relatives’
death (child, spouse, parents, sister and brother) and to examine their reactions
with anticipated/unanticipated death of the ceased person. Method: From those who were grived
following death of a first-grade relative 180 persons (77 males and 103 females) were selected
purposefully. The participants
were asked to fill the Grief Experience Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using
multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: The
difference between the effect of anticipated compared with unanticipated grief
considering search for explanation (p<0.001), and kinship in some of grief
reactions were significant (p<0.001). Grief reactions following the death of
a child in components of somatic reaction, search for explanation and feeling
of abandonment were more severe than the death of other relatives, and the
grief of spouse, in
feeling of abandonment, was more severe than the death of siblings or parents.
The grief of siblings, in search for explanation, was more than the grief for death of parents, and to
this regard, the grief following the death of mother was higher than the death
of father. Conclusion: By explaining the difference in intensity
of grief reactions following the death of relatives, the results could have
implications for diagnosis and treatment of grief.
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Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
1735-4315
20
4
2015
2
1
History of Isfahan Psychiatry
372
376
FA
Gholam Hossein
Ahmadzadeh
Associate Professor Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - - Khorshid Medical Center
Azadeh
Malekian
Psychiatrist Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - - Khorshid Medical Center -
History of Psychiatry and Psychology