@article{ 
author = {Shamshiri, Mina and Danesh, Esmat and HavassiSomar, Nahid and Tarimoradi, Arezoo},  
title = {Comparing the Effects of a Computerized Cognitive Rehabilitation and Cognitive Behavioral Play Therapy on Executive Functions of School-aged Students With Dyslexia: A Clinical Trial}, 
abstract ={Objectives This study compares the effectiveness of the Captain’s log computerized cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral play therapy on executive functions of dyslexic elementary school students. Methods This was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test post-test design and a one-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study included dyslexic students who were referred to the Learning Disorder Center of District 1 in Karaj City, Iran, for 2021-2022. In this regard, 45 students were purposefully included in the study and were randomly placed in two experimental and one control group (15 students in each group). Students of the experimental groups received 10 sessions of Captain’s log computerized cognitive rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral play therapy, two sessions per week. The research tool included the behavior rating inventory of executive function, Captain’s log software, version 2018 and cognitive-behavioral play therapy intervention package. The data were analyzed using variance analysis and repeated evaluation using the SPSS software, version 26. Results The Captain’s Log computerized cognitive-rehabilitation program (P<0.05) and cognitive-behavioral play therapy (P<0.01) have significantly enhanced the executive functions of dyslexic students and these results are durable in a one-month follow-up. However, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between the two intervention methods in the post-test and follow-up phases, and computerized cognitive rehabilitation performed better. Conclusion Both methods of cognitive-computer rehabilitation and cognitive-behavioral play therapy are effective in improving the executive functions of dyslexic students.},  
Keywords = {Captain’s log software, Cognitive-behavioral play therapy, Computerized cognitive rehabilitation, Dyslexia, Executive functions},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.1977.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4135-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4135-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mohammadi, Mobina and Rasouli, Amirhossein and Saed, Omid and Sorahi, Parisa and Abbaszadeh, Sahar and Shishechi, Samane and Mousavi, Seyedeh Elnaz},  
title = {Factor Structure, Psychometric Properties, and Measurement Invariance of the Persian Version of Beliefs About Emotions Questionnaire (BAEQ) in the Iranian Population}, 
abstract ={Objectives Considering the significant role of emotional beliefs in psychological well-being and research within the field of psychotherapy, the present study examines the factor structure, psychometric properties, and measurement invariance of the beliefs about emotions questionnaire (BAEQ) in an Iranian population. Methods This cross-sectional psychometric study was conducted with residents of Zanjan City, Iran. The participants were recruited through online announcements on social media platforms from April 2024 to June 2024. A total of 453 individuals were selected using a convenience sampling method. The internal consistency reliability of the Farsi version of the BAEQ was assessed using the Cronbach α method. Construct validity was evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was assessed using the positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) and the satisfaction with life scale (SWLS). Results Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a 5-factor structure consisting of the following factors: Overwhelming and uncontrollable, shameful and irrational, useless, contagious and invalid and meaningless, with 25 items. Fit indices were satisfactory, including (χ2/df=1.74, goodness of fit index=0.930, comparative fit index=0.946 and root mean square error of approximation=0.040). The Cronbach α method was 0.75, indicating acceptable internal consistency. The average variance extracted and composite reliability were 0.50 and 0.94, respectively, indicating structural convergent validity. Criterion validity analysis revealed significant correlations with the positive affect (r=-0.27) and negative affect (r=0.415) questionnaires and SWLS (r=-0.20). Additionally, the measurement invariance confirmed the questionnaire’s usability for both genders. Conclusion Overall, the 25-item Persian version of the BAEQ demonstrates satisfactory validity and reliability in the Iranian population and culture. Therefore, researchers can confidently use the Persian version of the BAEQ in research and clinical studies.},  
Keywords = {Emotions, Emotion regulation, Meta-emotion, Beliefs, Psychometrics},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.2790.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4221-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4221-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Karstensen, Valerie and Olsen, Geoffrey and Bastholm, Mathias},  
title = {Exploring Pain Acceptance and Health Literacy as Predictors of Pain Intensity: A Cross-Sectional Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives Chronic pain is a pervasive condition that affects millions worldwide, with significant impacts on individuals’ quality of life. This study aimed to explore the role of pain acceptance and health literacy in predicting pain intensity among individuals with chronic pain, providing insights into non-pharmacological factors that may influence pain experiences. Methods A cross-sectional design was employed, involving 350 participants from Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. Pain intensity was measured using the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), while pain acceptance and health literacy were assessed using the chronic pain acceptance questionnaire (CPAQ) and the health literacy questionnaire (HLQ), respectively. Pearson correlation and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between the study variables. Results Pain acceptance and health literacy were both significantly negatively correlated with pain intensity (r=-0.45, P<0.01 and r=-0.38, P<0.01, respectively). In the regression model, both variables significantly predicted pain intensity, accounting for 26% of the variance (R²=0.26, adjusted R²=0.24, F=19.56, P<0.001). Pain acceptance (B=-0.15, β=-0.25, t=-5.00, P<0.001) and health literacy (B=-0.10, β=-0.20, t=-4.00, P<0.001) emerged as significant predictors. Conclusion The study findings highlight the significant roles of pain acceptance and health literacy in managing pain intensity among individuals with chronic pain. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at enhancing pain acceptance and health literacy could be beneficial in reducing pain intensity and improving the quality of life for chronic pain sufferers.},  
Keywords = {Chronic Pain, Pain Measurement, Pain Management, Health Literacy},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.30.4994.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4169-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4169-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Donyavi, Vahid and Rahnejat, Amir Mohsen and Haghi, Asghar and Mohammadinia, Soodabeh and Jafari, Amirhossei},  
title = {Planning and Implementing the Program of Assess, Intervene, and Monitor for Suicide Prevention Among Iranian Soldiers: An Action Research Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives Suicide is one of the most important causes of death worldwide. It is the tenth leading cause of death in all ages and third among persons 15-24 years of age. In military settings, suicide is of great importance from different aspects, and this issue increases the need to implement suicide prevention programs. In this study, we intended to plan, implement, and evaluate a suicide prevention program among soldiers based on the assessment, intervention and monitoring for suicide prevention (AIM-SP) model. Methods In this action research study, based on the AIM-SP model and according to group discussion by an expert panel (including five key persons and professionals in mental health), the draft of the suicide prevention program protocol was prepared in three sections, including assessment, intervention, and monitoring. It was launched for 1 year in a barracks as a pilot period and thereafter was evaluated by quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative data was compared with a similar barrack. Also, for the determination of suicide risk triage accuracy, we employed the Columbia suicide severity rating scale, the Beck scale for suicidal ideation, the Beck hopelessness scale, and the general health questionnaire–28 (GHQ-28). Results Suicide risk estimation in this program is more accurate compared with conventional method. Also, this program had feasibility, appropriateness, acceptability and efficacy for suicide prevention, based on stakeholders’ opinions. Conclusion A suicide prevention program, based on the AIM-SP model, if adapted to a military setting, is suitable for soldiers’ suicide prevention. Columbia suicide severity rating scale can be used in this model to determine suicide risk triage determination.},  
Keywords = {Military personnel, Suicide prevention, Soldier, Mental health},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.30.4850.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4150-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4150-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Jomehpour, Hamid and Mohseni, Fahimeh and Rafaiee, Raheleh},  
title = {Substance Use Disorders and Suicidal Behaviors: Comparison of Illicit Drugs and Methadone}, 
abstract ={The prevalence of suicide among people with substance use disorders (SUDs) remains a significant public health issue worldwide. A review of the medical literature suggests that both substance addiction and behavioral addictions are closely associated with increased suicidal thoughts and attempts. A systematic review by Armon et al. found that 35% of individuals with SUDs reported suicidal ideation, while 20% had attempted suicide in the past year [1]. Among behavioral addictions, individuals with gambling disorder (22.9%) and sexual addiction (18.2%) reported the highest rates of suicidal ideation [2].},  
Keywords = {Substance Use Disorders, Suicide, Drug abuse, Methadone},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5220.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4347-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4347-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Dehghani, Fatemeh and Salehzadeh, Maryam and Bakhshayesh, Alireza and Dastjerdi, Ghasem},  
title = {Comparing the Quality of Interpersonal Relationships in Individuals With and Without Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Excessive Reassurance Seeking and Perceived Interpersonal Relationships}, 
abstract ={Objectives Excessive reassurance-seeking (ERS) and interpersonal relationships in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are among the issues that have been the focus of research in recent years. This study seeks to investigate the connection between ERS and the quality of interpersonal relationships in individuals with OCD. Methods The design of this study was causal-comparative. The statistical population included individuals with OCD who visited medical centers in Yazd City, Iran, in the fall of 2018, and healthy people during this period. A total of 204 people (102 individuals with OCD and 102 individuals without OCD) were selected purposefully. Yale-brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS), reassurance seeking questionnaire (ReSQ), and Pierce quality of relationship inventory (QRI) were used to collect data. The obtained data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and Pearson correlation.  Results MANOVA showed that the quality of interpersonal relationships (F=9.633, df=1, P<0.05), the quality of interpersonal relationships with spouse (F=6.66, df=1, P<0.05), and the quality of interpersonal relationships with parents (F=8.77, df=1, P<0.05) were significantly different in individuals with and without OCD. In other words, the mean scores of these variables were higher in individuals with OCD. The quality of interpersonal relationships with friends was not significantly different in the two groups. The findings also showed that the quality of interpersonal relationships had a positive and significant relationship with the source (r=0.343, P<0.001), intensity (r=0.251, P<0.05), and accuracy (r=0.285, P<0.05) of excessive reassurance seeking. Conclusion Our results showed that the perceived quality of interpersonal relationships in individuals with OCD is higher than in individuals without it, and their relationship with excessive reassurance seeking is significant. Considering the role of excessive reassurance seeking and family accommodation in the persistence of disease symptoms, identifying the mediating variables of this relationship can be the subject of future research.},  
Keywords = {Obsessive-Compulsive disorder, Excessive reassurance seeking, Interpersonal relationships},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5151.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4287-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4287-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Shabani, Amir and Naserbakht, Morteza and Ghalichi, Leila and Hajebi, Ahmad and Asadi, Ali and Rasoulian, Maryam},  
title = {The Need for Revitalizing the Public Mental Health Services System}, 
abstract ={The World Health Organization (WHO)declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public health emergency in January 2020 and identified it as a pandemic in March 2020 [1]. Following the official announcement of COVID cases in Iran and in response to a request from the Ministry of Health, the 4030 Call System was launched on February 27, 2020, to provide medical services addressing COVID-19-related needs. },  
Keywords = {Mental health, Epidemic, Crisis intervention, Psychological counselling, Public health, Social support, Call interview},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.4.3},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4346-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4346-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Nazari, Fatemeh and Bakhtiyari, Maryam and GolestaniFard, Mahdiyeh and Kianimoghadam, Amir Sam and MohajerinIravani, Banafsheh and Farahani, Hojjatollah},  
title = {Investigating the Efficacy of a Dialectical Behavioral Therapy-Based Parenting Intervention: A Randomized Controlled Trial}, 
abstract ={Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)-based parenting intervention on the primary caregivers of adolescents with self-harm behavior, living in Tehran Province, Iran.  Methods This is a randomized clinical trial with a pre-test-post-test design. A total of 32 eligible dyads (parent and adolescent) were selected via a convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to either a DBT-based parenting intervention or a control (waiting list) group. Adolescents did not receive any treatment as part of the study. The scales included the difficulty in emotion regulation scale (DERS); parenting style and dimensions questionnaire (PSDQ); depression, anxiety, and stress scale-21 (DASS-21); five-facet mindfulness questionnaire; conflict behavior questionnaire; and caregiver strain questionnaire-short form 11. Quade nonparametric analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze data.  Results The results of the quade nonparametric ANCOVA showed a significant difference in authoritative parenting style, depression and anxiety symptoms, caregiver strain for the caregivers’ group, as well as a statistically significant reduction in risk of suicide, conflict behavior with parent, depression and anxiety symptoms for adolescents’ group between the experimental and control groups (P˂0.05). Conclusion Therefore, we conclude that the DBT-based parenting intervention can be used as an independent or complementary treatment along with dialectical behavior therapy for adolescents with self-harm behaviors.},  
Keywords = {Dialectical behavior therapy, Parenting, Self-harm behavior, Adolescents, Suicide},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.30.4377.3},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4318-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4318-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mirbagheri, Amir Masoud and MasjidiArani, Abbas and Kianimoghadam, Amir Sam},  
title = {Investigating the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on Emotional Empathy, Adaptability, Alexithymia, and Marital Functioning in Incompatible Young Couples}, 
abstract ={Objectives Incompatibility in young couples and its resolution failure are among the main causes of emotional separation and divorce, which have several personal and social consequences. The present study aimed to examine the impact of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on emotional empathy, adaptability, alexithymia, and couple functioning in incompatible young couples. Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial utilized a two-group research design with a pretest-posttest and a 6-month follow-up. The research sample consisted of incompatible young couples from Yazd County, Iran, who had been referred to this city’s counseling and divorce centers in 2023. Based on the inclusion criteria and using simple random sampling, 52 couples (104 individuals) were selected and randomly assigned to the experimental group (ACT) and the control group. Participants were assessed before and after the intervention using the following tools: Mehrabian and Epstein’s empathy questionnaire, Olson’s adaptability and cohesion questionnaire, Toronto alexithymia scale, and the ENRICH couples’ satisfaction questionnaire. The experimental group received a specified ACT protocol consisting of 8 sessions lasting 60 to 90 minutes each week. The project executor monitored the control group weekly, but no specific therapeutic protocol was implemented for them. After the follow-up phase, the treatment protocol was also applied to them. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 29. Results The analysis of covariance indicated significant differences in the pretest and posttest stages in the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the variables of emotional empathy, adaptability, alexithymia, and couple functioning (P>0.01).  Conclusion We found that the ACT intervention led to increased emotional empathy, decreased alexithymia, and a modulation of adaptability and couple functioning in incompatible young couples. Therefore, ACT can be utilized for incompatible couples seeking assistance at counseling and divorce centers.},  
Keywords = {Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), Emotional empathy, Adaptability, Alexithymia, Couple functioning},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.4660.3},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4358-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4358-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Eshrati, Sahar and SaberiZafarghandi, Mohammad Bagher and SaraniYaztappeh, Jafar and Shafiee, Ali},  
title = {The Necessity of Explaining Legal Considerations and Formulating Law Enforcement Interventions With an Approach of Reducing Health and Social Harms in Iran’s Drug Scenes: A Qualitative Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives The objective of this study was to examine legal considerations and law enforcement interventions from the perspective of experts, which are needed to manage or reduce health and social harms related to open drug scenes (ODS). Methods This study was qualitative and was conducted using the content analysis method with a purposeful sampling method in Tehran City, Iran, in 2023. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 key informants, including 5 treatment and harm reduction service providers, 4 police officers, 2 lawyers, and 2 judges, until saturation was reached. The data were analyzed using MAXQDA software, version 10, and the validity of the data was confirmed based on the Koch criteria. Results The characteristics of ODS, tailored to the specific conditions of Iran, were among the most significant findings. According to most experts, efforts to eliminate these ODS were deemed costly, unnecessary, or even impossible. Therefore, they advocated for the scientific management of these locations to reduce health, social, and security-related harms. The main reasons for opposing the elimination of drug-related hotspots as a national strategy were primarily linked to the consequences of implementing Article 16 of the Anti-narcotics Law. Conclusion There are two main approaches regarding the existence of material ODS. The first is to review the security, social, and health interventions in these places, and the other is to confront and destroy these places. Experience shows that the strategy of confronting and destroying ODS does not help eliminate them, but leads to the relocation of ODS, which increases security and health damages and becomes uncontrollable.},  
Keywords = {Law enforcement, Illicit drugs, Harm Reduction, Drug-related hangout},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.1659.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4355-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4355-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Nasri, Ebrahim and Yousefi, Shahab and Ashouri, Ahm},  
title = {Investigating the Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the International Adjustment Disorder Questionnaire Among University Students in Tehran City, Iran}, 
abstract ={Objectives This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the international adjustment disorder questionnaire (IADQ), including reliability, validity, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a university student population. Methods Using convenience sampling, this cross-sectional study was conducted on 495 university students aged 18 to 50 in Tehran City, Iran. Data were collected via a paper-and-pencil method in Tehran universities between January 10, 2024 and March 12, 2024, with participants completing the IADQ,  international depression questionnaire (IDQ), international trauma questionnaire (ITQ), prolonged grief-13-revised (PG-13-R), and international anxiety questionnaire (IAQ) questionnaires after providing informed consent. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 26 and Mplus software, version 8.3.2. The factor structure of the IADQ was examined through CFA using the maximum likelihood ratio (MLR) and the weighted least squares mean and variance adjusted (WLSMV) method; model fit was evaluated using standard indices including the comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR). Convergent and discriminant validity were assessed through correlations with other questionnaires, and reliability was evaluated using the Cronbach α, McDonald’s omega, the mean inter-item correlation (MIIC), and test, re-test reliability via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).  Results The omega coefficient for the overall scale was 0.94. This scale demonstrated significant positive correlations with the IDQ (0.49), PG13R (0.59), and IAQ (0.64). Additionally, weak correlations were reported between the IADQ scale and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (0.14) and complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) (0.09). Conclusion Overall, the findings suggest that the Persian version of IADQ has adequate validity and reliability in a student population.},  
Keywords = {The international adjustment disorder questionnaire (IADQ), Adjustment disorder (AjD), Psychometrics, Stress-related disorders, Traum},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.4996.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4290-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4290-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Safarzade, Somayeh and JoukarKamalabadi, Mahnaz and Hoseini, Faridehsadat and Golestaneh, Seyed Mous},  
title = {The Reasons for Iranian Clients’ Premature Dropout of Psychotherapy and Counseling from the Therapists’ Point of View}, 
abstract ={Objectives Sometimes, clients prematurely terminate the therapy sessions before realizing the full benefits of psychotherapy. In the present study, we aim to investigate the factors affecting Iranian clients’ premature dropout of psychotherapy and counseling from the therapists’ perspective. Methods This is a qualitative study conducted from September 2023 to July 2024. Participants were 31 male and female counselors and therapists working in the field of mental health in Bushehr city, south of Iran. They were selected using a purposive sampling method until theoretical saturation was reached in semi-structured interviews. The data were coded based on Strauss and Corbin’s grounded theory. Lincoln and Guba’s four criteria were used to assess the trustworthiness of the data. MAXQDA software, version 2020 was used to analyze the data. Results From the analysis of interviews, 439 open codes were first obtained and placed in 60 subcategories. Finally, nine main categories were identified which included: 1) Lack of expertise and skill of the therapist in psychotherapy and counseling, 2) Cognitive, motivational, emotional, and behavioral actions of the client during the sessions, 3) Biographical factors of the client, 4) Environmental factors, 5) Structural factors, 6) Client’s personality patterns, 7) Lifestyle, personality, and emotional characteristics of the therapist, 8) Biographical factors of the therapist, and 9) Psychiatric medications.  Conclusion There are several factors related to both patients and therapists that affect premature dropout from psychotherapy and counseling. The identified factors in the present study can help improve the quantitative and qualitative level of psychotherapy in Iran and reduce the rate of premature dropout.},  
Keywords = {Psychotherapy, Counseling, Patient Dropout, Etiology, Qualitative research},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5195.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4331-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4331-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Farid, Abolfazl and Ghanbariviki, Maryam and Mosleh, Seyed Qasem},  
title = {Relationship Between Perfectionism and Exam Anxiety in Iranian Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}, 
abstract ={Objectives Several studies have examined perfectionism as a factor affecting exam anxiety and have reported different and inconsistent results. Therefore, the present research aimed to review the results of studies on the relationship between perfectionism and exam anxiety in Iranian students. Methods This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. The relevant studies published from 2011 to 2024 were searched in international and national databases, including Google Scholar, Web of Science (ISI), Science Direct, PubMed, SID, Irandoc, Noormags, and MagIran. The heterogeneity between studies was investigated using the Q-test and I2 statistics, and the random effects model was chosen to present the results. CMA software,  version 2 was used to analyze the data. Results Finally, 17 studies with 25 effect sizes were selected for the review and analysis. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between perfectionism and exam anxiety was 0.18 (95% CI; 0.008%, 0.357%). The adaptive perfectionism (Effect size:-0.465) had the highest relationship with exam anxiety among antecedent variables. The analysis of subgroups based on participants’ gender showed that the combined effect size for girls was larger (r=0.50, 95% CI; 0.44%, 0.55%) than for boys (r=0.21, 95% CI; 0.12%, 0.30%). Also, there was an inverse and significant relationship between Fisher’s Z effect sizes and participants’ age, such that for every one unit increase in participants’ age, the Fisher’s Z effect sizes were reduced by 0.04 units.  Conclusion Perfectionism has a significant relationship with exam anxiety among Iranian students. Experts can reduce the students’ exam anxiety by improving their perfectionism using effective interventions.},  
Keywords = {Exam anxiety, Perfectionism, Meta-analysis},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5184.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4325-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4325-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Gholamnia, Reza and Kolivand, Pir Hossein and Alishvandi, Razieh and Ahmadi, Hadi and Mamsharifi, Peym},  
title = {Mediating Role of Resilience and Adaptation in the Relationship Between Climate Change Anxiety and Mental Health: A Study in Six Provinces of Iran}, 
abstract ={Objectives Climate change can affect individuals’ physical and mental health. The present study aims to evaluate the mediating role of resilience and adaptation in the relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health. Methods This is a correlational study utilizing structural equation modeling (SEM). The study population included all members of the Iranian Red Crescent Society in six provinces of Iran exposed to climate change (Khuzestan, Hormozgan, Ilam, Kerman, Sistan & Baluchestan, and South Khorasan) in 2024. A total of 1196 people were selected using cluster random sampling and convenience sampling methods. Data were collected using the 25-item symptom checklist, the eco-anxiety scale, the Connor-Davidson resilience scale, and the adaptation questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson’s correlation test and path analysis in SPSS software, version 24 and AMOS software, version 24. Results There was a significant positive relationship between climate change anxiety and mental health (P<0.01, r=0.41) and between adaptation and mental health (P<0.01, r=0.57), while a significant negative relationship was observed between resilience and mental health (P<0.01, r=-0.39). The indirect effect of climate change anxiety on mental health was significant through adaptation and resilience (P<0.001).  Conclusion Climate change anxiety has an indirect relationship with the mental health of people through resilience and adaptation.},  
Keywords = {Mental health, Climate change anxiety, Resilience, Adaptation},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5230.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4354-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4354-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {KeyvanTabar, Sahar and Alimehdi, Mansoor},  
title = {Impact of Self-compassion Training on the Severity of Symptoms, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Distress Tolerance in Women with Dermatillomania and Trichotillomania}, 
abstract ={Objectives The present study aimed to determine the impact of self-compassion training on symptom severity, anxiety sensitivity, and distress tolerance (DT) in women with dermatillomania and trichotillomania. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design. Participants were 30 women with dermatillomania and trichotillomania referred to clinics in Tehran, Iran, in 2024. They were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Data collection tools included anxiety sensitivity index (ASI), DT scale (DTS), the Massachusetts general hospital hairpulling scale (MGH-HPS), and skin picking scale (SPS). The intervention group received self-compassion training based on Gilbert’s protocol at eight sessions. The control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate analysis of variance. Results The intervention group showed a significant reduction in the mean scores of MGH-HPS, SPS, and ASI, and a significant increase in the mean score of DTS in the post-test and follow-up phases compared to the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The self-compassion training is effective in reducing symptom severity, anxiety sensitivity, and improving DT in women with dermatillomania and trichotillomania.},  
Keywords = {Self-compassion, Skin picking, Hair pulling, Anxiety sensitivity, Distress tolerance (DT)},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5209.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4368-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4368-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Razavi, Kosar and Poshtmashhadi, Marjan and Pourmohamadreza-Tajrishi, Masoume and Yarandi, Razie Bidhendi},  
title = {Symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Sleep Problems, and Executive Dysfunction, as Predictors of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo, in Children With High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder}, 
abstract ={Objectives Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) or cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) is often identified by symptoms such as lethargy and frequent daydreaming. It has been mainly investigated in the general population and in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). There is scant research on the presence of SCT in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The current study aimed to examine the symptoms of ADHD, sleep problems, and executive dysfunction as predictors of SCT in Iranian children with high-functioning ASD. Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study. The participants were the parents of 116 children aged 6-12 with high-functioning ASD, who were selected from among 145 children in exceptional schools for children with autism in Tehran, Iran, in 2024, using convenience sampling. The parents who scored 55-70 in the Gilliam autism rating scale-third edition and had a score above the cut-off point on the SCT scale were included. They completed the online forms of the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham rating scale (SNAP-IV), the children’s sleep habits questionnaire (CSHQ), and the coolidge personality and neuropsychological inventory for children (CPNI). Data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk test, Pearson’s correlation test, and multiple regression analysis in SPSS software, version 27.  Results The correlation test results revealed a positive and significant relationship between SCT and inattention (r=0.489, P<0.01), but the SCT had no significant association with hyperactivity. Additionally, SCT was significantly correlated with decision-making/planning (r=0.414, P<0.01) and organizing (r=0.392, P< 0.01), as executive functions. However, it had no significant relationship with the response inhibition skill. The SCT had no significant association with sleep problems. The multiple regression analysis further indicated that the attention deficit was the only moderate predictor of SCT (β=0.489, P=0.001). Conclusion The SCT has a relationship with attention deficit and the problems in decision-making/planning and organizing abilities of children with ASD. These findings can be valuable for clinical evaluation and treatment of ASD.},  
Keywords = {Sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT), Cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS), Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Children, Attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity disorder, Sleep problems, Executive functions},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5115.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4317-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4317-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Gheysari, Fateme and Mazaheri, Mehr},  
title = {The Effect of tDCS on the Executive Functions of Iranian Children and Adolescents With Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis}, 
abstract ={Objectives Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed as a promising treatment for the rehabilitation of patients with neurodevelopmental disorders. The present study was aimed to review the impact of tDCS on the executive functions of Iranian children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders. Methods This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. The related studies from 2014 to 2024 were searched in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Scientific Information Database (SID), and the comprehensive humanities portal. The qualitative assessment of studies was performed using the Jadad scale. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in CMA software, version 2 to measure the effect size. Duval and Tweedie’s trim-and-fill method and funnel plots were used to analyze sensitivity and publication bias. After careful screening, 23 studies were finally included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.  Results The meta-analysis results showed a significant effect of tDCS on the executive functions of Iranian children and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders (SDM=1.04; 95% CI, 0.83%, 1.25%; P<0.001). The subgroup analysis showed that tDCS had the greatest effect on the attention component compared to other components of executive function. Also, tDCS had a greater effect on children and adolescents with specific learning disorders than on those with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Conclusion Although there are promising findings for the effectiveness of tDCS in improving attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and specific learning disorder, there is a lack of randomized controlled clinical trials with long-term follow-up in Iran, especially for autism spectrum disorder.},  
Keywords = {Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Executive unctions, Neurodevelopmental disorders},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5192.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4329-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4329-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Fallah-Karimi, Samaneh and MohammadiFard, Leila and Khalilzadeh-Farsangi, Zahra and Mahmoudi, Nasri},  
title = {Impact of Spiritual Therapy on Rumination and Resilience of Mothers of Children With Cerebral Palsy}, 
abstract ={Objectives Mothers of children with cerebral palsy are prone to psychological disorders such as stress and depression, which can lead to the activation of emotional schemas such as rumination. These negative beliefs can reduce resilience. This study aimed to assess the impact of spiritual therapy on rumination and resilience of mothers of children with cerebral palsy in Zahedan, south of Iran. Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test design conducted on 60 mothers of children with cerebral palsy referred to Imam Ali Hospital in Zahedan. The samples were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group underwent spiritual therapy at eight sessions of 90 minutes. Before and one month after the intervention, the mothers completed Nolen-Hoeksema and Morrow’s ruminative response scale (RRS) and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC). Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 27 using the chi-square test, paired t-test, and independent t-test. Results In the intervention group, after spiritual therapy, the RRS score decreased and the CD-RISC score increased in all dimensions, and the difference between pre-test and post-test scores was statistically significant (P<0.001), but no statistically significant difference was observed in the control group. Conclusion Spiritual therapy is effective in reducing rumination and increasing the resilience of mothers of children with cerebral palsy. },  
Keywords = {Spirituality, Rumination, Resilience, Cerebral palsy},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5259.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4380-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4380-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Pirzade, Mehrane and Fazelirad, Hadi and Peyvastegar, Mehrangiz},  
title = {Mediating Role of Anxiety Sensitivity and Repetitive Negative Thinking in the Relationship of Self-compassion and Cognitive Fusion With Cyberchondria}, 
abstract ={Objectives The current study aimed to examine whether anxiety sensitivity (AS) and repetitive negative thinking (RNT) can mediate the relationship of self-compassion and cognitive fusion with cyberchondria. Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study that utilizes structural equation modeling (SEM). Participants were 630 students from universities in Tehran and Mazandaran provinces of Iran in 2024, who voluntarily participated in the study. They completed the Cyberchondria severity scale, the cognitive fusion questionnaire, the self-compassion scale, the AS inventory, and the repetitive Thinking questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using SEM in Amos software, version 29. Results The correlation test results revealed significant relationships between cognitive fusion, self-compassion, AS, RNT, and cyberchondria (P<0.01). The SEM model indicated that AS significantly mediated the relationship between cognitive fusion and cyberchondria (b=0.157, P=0.001), and between self-compassion and cyberchondria (b=-0.197, P=0.001). However, no significant mediating effect was found for RNT (P>0.05). Conclusion Self-compassion and cognitive fusion are related to cyberchondria among Iranian college students. The AS can mediate this relationship, but RNT has no significant mediating role. },  
Keywords = {Cyberchondria, Cognitive fusion, Self-Compassion Anxiety sensitivity, Repetitive negative thinking},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5278.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4394-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4394-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Behnamnejad, Nasrin and Rezaei, Saead and Farrokhi, Noorali and Salahshoori, Ahm},  
title = {Developing and Validating a Sensory-Motor Play Therapy Program Based on Deleuze and Guattari\'s Philosophy for Autistic Children: A Qualitative Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives For exceptional children, a diverse range of interventions is needed to effectively address their needs. This study aimed to develop and validate a sensory-motor play therapy program grounded in Deleuze and Guattari’s philosophy for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods This is a qualitative study using the inductive content analysis approach. A search in online databases for articles and books related to Deleuze and Guattari’s philosophy published from 1953 to 2023 was first conducted to extract the philosophical components and synthesize them with therapeutic and educational principles related to ASD and sensory-motor play therapy. It led to designing a structured play therapy program. The program was reviewed by 16 experts. To ensure its validity, the content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) were calculated. Results The play therapy program had 14 core components categorized into three domains: format, content, and method. The components included: Immanence, Life, Assemblage, Vertical View, Body Without Organs, Becoming, Rhizome, Strata, Preference of Action Over Expression, Perception of the Other, Smoothing, Deterioration & Reterioration, Spaces of Encounter, and Repetition. The CVI values >0.79 and CVR values >0.62 confirmed the program's validity. Conclusion The developed play therapy program offers a structured yet flexible approach to fostering interaction and expression in autistic children. Future research should focus on the clinical implementation of this valid program and its impact on the social and emotional development of children.},  
Keywords = {Autism spectrum disorder, Sensory-motor, Play therapy, Deleuze Guattari, Philosophy, Psychology},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5092.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4252-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4252-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Fathi, Fatemeh and Vaziri, Shahram and Pourasghar, Mehdi and Nasri, Maryam},  
title = {Transference-focused Psychotherapy Versus Acceptance & Commitment Therapy on Personality Organization and Defense Styles of People With BPD: A Clinic Trial}, 
abstract ={Objectives This study aimed to compare the effects of transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on personality organization and defense styles of individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Methods This is a randomized clinical trial with a pre-test/post-test/follow-up design. The participants were 11 patients with BPD referred to Zare Psychiatric Hospital and Khaney-e Ma’na Clinic in Sari, north of Iran, in 2020. They were selected using a convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to TFP (n=4), ACT (n=4), and control (n=3) groups. The interventions were provided for one year, two sessions per week. Data were collected before the interventions, at the first session, during the 40th session, during the 80th session, at the 100th session, and six months after the interventions. Kernberg’s Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO) and Defense Styles Questionnaire were used for assessment. Statistical analysis was done using repeated measurement ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test. Results There were significant differences in both treatment groups compared to the control group in total IPO score (P=0.023), mature defense styles (P=0.041), and neurotic defense style (P=0.366). TFP was more effective than ACT. Conclusion Both TFP and ACT can improve personality organization and defensive styles of patients with BPD, where TFP is more effective. },  
Keywords = {Transference-focused psychotherapy, Acceptance & commitment therapy, Personality organization, Defense styles, borderline personality disorder},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.2401.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4166-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4166-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Mohamadpour, Fahimeh and Mohammadi, Nurallah},  
title = {The Factors Affecting the Suicide Attempt in Iranian Youth: A Grounded Theory-based Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives Suicide is one of the important psychosocial concerns. This study aimed to explore the process of suicide attempts among Iranian youth to identify the related factors. Methods This is a qualitative study based on the grounded theory approach. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. Participants were 23 young people (9 males and 14 females) aged 18-35 years with a history of suicide attempt from Shiraz, Iran, in 2024. They were selected via purposive and theoretical sampling. The data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s approach. Results We extracted 10 themes and 20 sub-themes. The core phenomenon was “mental breakdown”. The causal factors included perceived discrimination and psychological shock. Social pressure and individual vulnerability were facilitating factors. The intervening factors included character armor, spiritual factors, and social support. The strategy adopted by participants was “ pain avoidance”. The consequence was “attempt to get free”. Conclusion Emotional, cognitive, and social factors play a role in the occurrence of suicide attempts among Iranian youth. More attention should be paid to these factors for suicide prevention.},  
Keywords = {Suicide, Grounded theory, Young Adults},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5076.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4393-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4393-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {JaliliKhiavi, Parya and Rasouli, Amirhossein and Ghafari, Fateme and Shabani, Mina and Saed, Omi},  
title = {Effects of tDCS on Positive, Negative, and Depressive Symptoms in Schizophrenic Patients With Predominant Negative Symptoms: A Sham-controlled Clinical Trial}, 
abstract ={Objectives Negative symptoms of schizophrenia respond poorly to conventional pharmacological treatments despite their profound impact on functioning and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in improving positive, negative, and depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia exhibiting predominant negative symptoms. Methods In this double-blind, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial, 40 patients (aged 18-65) with schizophrenia and predominant negative symptoms were randomly assigned to active tDCS (n=20) or sham (n=20) groups. The active group received 15 daily sessions of tDCS (2mA, 20 min) with the anode over left DLPFC (F3) and cathode over right orbitofrontal region (Fp3). Assessments using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS), scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS), and the calgary depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up. Results The active tDCS group showed significant reductions in positive (F=6.59, P=0.004, η²=0.207), negative (F=5.22, P=0.028, η²=0.124), and depressive symptoms (F=17.71, P<0.001, η²=0.324) at post-intervention compared to sham. Effects for positive (F=7.85, P=0.008, η²=0.175) and negative symptoms (F=16.80, P<0.001, η²=0.312) persisted at one-month follow-up, but no significant difference in depression was observed (F=0.15, P=0.700, η²=0.004). Conclusion The tDCS is an effective method for improving positive, and negative, and depressive symptoms in schizophrenia patients with predominant negative symptoms. The therapeutic effects on positive and negative symptoms persisted for one month, suggesting that tDCS has potential as an adjunctive treatment along with antipsychotic medications.},  
Keywords = {Schizophrenia, Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), Depression},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5451.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4474-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4474-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Sayarifard, Azadeh and Moradi, Ali and Jamshidi, Ensiyeh and Moradi, Maziar and Ameri, Pegah and Amjadian, Mohyeddin and Nazari, Maryam},  
title = {Exploring the Challenges and Solutions for Implementing the Teen Mental Health First Aid Programs in Iranian Schools: A Qualitative Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives Establishing mental health first aid (MHFA) programs is a strategy employed by developed countries worldwide to empower students in terms of mental health literacy; these programs have not received the support for implementation in Iranian schools. The present study aimed to explore the challenges in the implementation of teen MHFA (tMHFA) programs in Iranian schools and provide solutions. Methods This is a qualitative study, conducted in 2021. The participants were purposively selected from adolescents, their parents, and the experts in the field of mental health aid for adolescents (n=34) in Tehran. Data collection was conducted using semi-structured, in-depth individual interviews. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis based on an inductive approach in MAXQDA software, version 2020. Results Three main themes as challenges were extracted, including characteristics/tendencies of students (independence in decision-making, influence from media and virtual social networks, willingness to attend the classes, and personality and behavioral characteristics), infrastructure/resources (readiness and competence of teaching and specialized staff, financial resources, physical resources, relevant educational content and related guides, and service delivery network), and the course implementation process (governance and stewardship, managers’ willingness and perspective, planning, practicality and skill-based, and effectiveness evaluation). Conclusion The tMHFA program’s successful implementation in Iranian schools requires the involvement of students and their families, empowering the school staff, localizing educational content based on needs assessment, providing resources from multiple sources; using media and distance education, integrating the program into the routine school activities and including in school textbooks, using incentives such as a certificate of course completion, informing by influencers, governmental support via appropriate legislation, employing qualified and trusted teachers, coordination with the health network, and designing and establishing a robust monitoring framework.},  
Keywords = {Mental health first aid, Schools, Health literacy, Adolescent},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.5420.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4456-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4456-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Ahmadrad, Farid and SaberiZafarghandi, Mohammad Bagher and Azami, Erfan and Aqeli, Mustafa and DeylamiAzdi, Sahar},  
title = {A Canonical Correlation Analysis of Virtual Social Media Usage Patterns and Psychosocial Outcomes}, 
abstract ={Objectives With the expansion of communication technologies and widespread internet accessibility, the use of virtual social media (VSM) has become popular. This study aimed to examine the relationships between VSM usage patterns and psychosocial outcomes. Methods This is a descriptive-correlational study conducted on 413 residents of Tehran, Iran, who were selected via multi-stage cluster sampling. Data collection was done using Social Media Sites Addiction Scale- Iranian version (SMSAS-IR), which assesses eight domains (Online social interaction, mood swings, compulsion, extensive interactions, educational/instructional impact, relapse, harmful leisure activities). Canonical correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between study variables. Results Most people used VSM for 2-4 hours a day (41.6%). Additionally, 56.7% used VSM every night for 15 minutes before going to bed, and 39.2% used VSM every morning for 15 minutes after waking up. Only 7.7% reported that they used VSM during eating food for 15 minutes on all days. The VSM usage patterns demonstrated a significant correlation with psychological outcomes (r=0.72, P<0.001). This canonical set accounted for 47% of the variance shared by two-variable sets. Among usage patterns, those with the highest canonical loadings included: Daily usage (0.85), usage before bedtime (0.75), and usage immediately after waking up in the morning (0.73). Among the psychosocial outcomes, the variables with the highest canonical loadings included compulsion (0.46) and mood swings (0.4). Conclusion Maladaptive VSM use is correlated with adverse psychological outcomes. These findings underscore the need to improve VSM usage management through educational programs and interventions.},  
Keywords = {Social media, Canonical correlation analysis, Mental health},
volume = {31},
Number = {1}, 
pages = {0-0}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.31.4152.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4509-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-4509-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2025}  
}