@article{ 
author = {Bahrami, Giti and Takaffoli, Marzieh and Vameghi, Meroe},  
title = {Protective and Risk Factors of Mental Health in Iranian Children During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives With the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in the world, including Iran, the need for its prevention and treatment became a national priority for the countries. Children, as one of the most vulnerable groups, are affected by this pandemic in various dimensions. This study aims to identify and categorize the protective and risk factors of mental health problems in Iranian children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This is a systematic review. A search was conducted in international and national databases for the related studies, and the results were reported based on the PRISMA diagram. The quantitative studies were assessed by Joanna Briggs Institute’s Critical Appraisal Checklist. Finally, 9 studies were selected for the review. Results Among the reviewed studies, only one study was conducted in the entire Iran; more than 44% were conducted in Tehran. The study populations of more than 77% of studies were the children selected from the general population. The protective factors of mental health problems (anxiety and fear of COVID-19) in children included: High level of self-differentiation, positive parent-child conflict resolution tactics, older age, parents’ increased time of staying at home, and high educational level of mothers. On the other hand, the risk factors of mental health problems (anxiety, fear of COVID-19, and aggression) in children were: COVID-19-related anxiety in mothers, anxiety/stress/depression in mothers, children’s awareness of COVID-19, infection or death of a relative due to COVID-19, employment of parents as a medical staff, parents’ intrusion and hyperarousal, being a single child, and hearing loss.  Conclusion Compared to other countries, limited studies have addressed the social determinants of mental health problems (anxiety, fear of COVID-19, and aggression) of children in Iran during the pandemic. Identifying and addressing the factors that threaten, exacerbate, or enhance Iranian children’s mental health through interventions and social measures can lead to breaking the ineffective cycle of inequality and discrimination, promoting mental health, and reducing harm in the face of future pandemics.},  
Keywords = {Child, Adolescent, COVID-19, Mental health, Social determinants of health, Iran},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {276-289}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.3976.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3531-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3531-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Asgharipour, Negar and NouriSiahdasht, Nafise},  
title = {Effect of Online Metacognitive Training on Health Anxiety and Mental Health of Medical Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Clinical Trial}, 
abstract ={Objectives Students are the spiritual assets of each country. Anxiety and mental health problems negatively affect their performance. This study aims to assess the effect of online group metacognitive training on the medical students’ health anxiety and general health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This a randomized clinical trial. Participants were 56 students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences aged 18-30 years who were selected by a convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control. The intervention group received online metacognitive training at 8 sessions, each for one hour, while the control group did not receive any intervention. At three stages of pre-test, post-test, and one-month follow-up, they completed Salkovskis and Warwick’s short health anxiety inventory and the 28-item general health questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23. Using the repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Results Metacognitive training was effective in reducing health anxiety and improving general health of students (P<0.05). The results remained significant one month after the intervention. Conclusion Metacognitive training online can reduce health anxiety and improve general health of medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.},  
Keywords = {Metacognitive training, Health anxiety, General health},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {290-303}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.4129.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3644-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3644-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {NajiMeydani, Fatemeh and DoosAliVand, Hoda and Abasi, Imaneh and Noori, Mohamm},  
title = {Mediating Role of Difficulties in Emotion Regulation and Experiential Avoidance in the Relationship between Attachment Styles and Severity of Relationship Obsessive -compulsive Disorder Symptoms}, 
abstract ={Objectives Relationship obsessive-compulsive disorder (ROCD) is one of the forms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, focusing on intimate relationships. Identifying the mechanisms of ROCD can significantly expand our knowledge of the factors related to its development and exacerbation. This study aims to determine the mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation and experiential avoidance in the relationship between attachment styles and the severity of ROCD symptoms. Methods Five hundred thirty-one participants (455 females and 76 males) were selected using convenient sampling from the general population of Iran. They completed the Experiences in close relationships-revised (ECR-R), the difficulties in emotion regulation scale (DERS), the acceptance and action questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and the Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI) online. SPSS software, version 22 and AMOS version 24 were used to analyze data. Results Attachment styles had a significant correlation with difficulties in emotion regulation, experiential avoidance, and ROCD symptoms (P<0.01). Moreover, the two variables of difficulties in emotion regulation and experiential avoidance had a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and ROCD symptoms. Conclusion Attachment styles can predict the ROCD symptoms directly and indirectly by the difficulties in emotion regulation and experiential avoidance. Difficulties in emotion regulation and experiential avoidance should be considered in treatment of ROCD symptoms, especially in those with insecure attachment styles. },  
Keywords = {Insecure attachment style, difficulties in emotion regulation, experiential avoidance, Relationship Obsessive-compulsive Disorder (ROCD) symptoms},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {304-321}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.4175.1},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3660-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3660-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {ArabiKhalilabad, Somayeh and Khademoreza, Nooshin and Homayooni, AmirSina and Sorayya, Shiva and Effatnejat, Sajjad and Kabir, Ali and Hadi, Fatemeh and Shalbafan, Mohammadrez},  
title = {Medication Adherence, Attitude Towards Medication, and Quality of Life in Outpatients With Neurotic Disorders in Tehran, Iran: A Six-Month Follow-up Study}, 
abstract ={Objectives This study aims to investigate the attitude towards medication, medication adherence, and quality of life (QoL) in outpatients with neurotic disorders referred for the first time to the psychiatric clinic of Tehran Psychiatric Institute in Iran. Methods In this study, participants were adult outpatients with neurotic disorders referred to the psychiatric clinic of Tehran Psychiatric Institute for the first time, who had met the inclusion criteria (age 18-60 years, having a neurotic disorder diagnosed by the psychiatrist, and consent to participate in the study). At baseline and in one and six months after the first visit, they completed a demographic form, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and the drug attitude inventory (DAI-10). Their medication adherence was assessed using the medication possession ratio. Results Of 100 participants, 76 were females and had a mean age of 35.9 years. Favorable medication adherence significantly increased in the sixth month compared to the first month, and the number of patients with favorable medication adherence increased from 38 to 63. In comparing the overall score of QoL, a significant improvement was observed in the 1st and 6th months compared to baseline and in the sixth month compared to the first month (P<0.001). Regarding the domains of the QoL, mental health and general health in the first and sixth months were significantly increased compared to the baseline (P<0.001). Physical health domain was significantly increased in the sixth month compared to the first month (P<0.001). Social relationships domain was significantly increased in the first month compared to the baseline (P= 0.001). Environmental health domain was significantly increased in the first month compared to the baseline (P=0.019). Comparison of the QoL score between patients with favorable and unfavorable medication adherence showed no significant difference (P=0.6). Attitude towards medication was significantly improved from baseline to the sixth month (P<0.001). Conclusion The QoL and its some domains as well as medication adherence and attitude towards medication in outpatients with neurotic disorders seem to be improved after six months of follow-up. There is no significant difference in QoL between outpatients with favorable and unfavorable medication adherence.},  
Keywords = {Treatment outcome, Mental disorders, Treatment compliance},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {322-335}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.2619.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3589-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3589-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Rostami, Hamzeh and Behrouzian, Forouzan and MousaviAsl, Esmaeil},  
title = {Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the COVID-19 Anxiety Syndrome Scale in Iranian College Students}, 
abstract ={Objectives The COVID-19 anxiety syndrome is characterized by threat monitoring, checking, avoidance, and worry. The COVID-19 anxiety syndrome scale (C-19ASS) is a self-report tool to measure this syndrome. The present study was aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of C-19ASS in Iranian college students. Methods This is a correlational study. Participants were 251 students of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2020 who were selected using a convenience sampling method and filled self-report tools of compassion scale, C-19ASS and COVID-19 burnout scale (COVID-19-BS). The reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, convergent validity, divergent validity, and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were examined. the collected data were analyzed in SPSS v.25 and LISREL 8.8 applications. Results The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the one-factor and two-factor structure of the Persian C-19ASS, where the two-factor model had a better fit. Cronbach’s alpha for the overall scale and its subscales of Perseveration and avoidance were obtained 0.72, 0.71, and 0.70, respectively. The Persian C-19ASS score had a positive significant correlation with the COVID-19-BS score and a negative significant correlation with the compassion scale score, indicating the convergent and divergent validity of the Persian C-19ASS. Conclusion The Persian C-19ASS has good psychometric properties (validity and reliability) and can be used in evaluating different dimensions of COVID-19 anxiety syndrome in Iran. It is a short and practical tool that can be used in clinical and research settings.},  
Keywords = {COVID-19, Psychometrics, Factor analysis, Anxiety},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {336-349}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.2146.2},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3549-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3549-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Nazari, Shima and Javid, Fateme and Negarandeh, Reza and FarokhnezhadAfshar, Pouy},  
title = {Relationship of Identity Styles and Coping Strategies With Marital Adjustment in Nurses}, 
abstract ={Objectives Nursing profession is a stressful job. Nurses need to use appropriate coping strategies to maintain their focus on patient care and having marital adjustment and solving personal problems. The relationship between nurses’ identity styles with their used coping strategies and marital adjustment is not clear yet. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship of identity styles and coping strategies with marital adjustment in nurses. Methods This descriptive correlational study with cross-sectional design was conducted on 221 married nurses working in public hospitals in Rasht, Iran who were selected by a stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the Billings and Moos’ coping responses inventory (CRI), Berzonsky’s identity styles inventory (ISI), and Locke-Wallace marital adjustment test (MAT). Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23. Results The mean MAT score was 111.68 ±11.97. The mean ISI score was 100.31±12.27. The mean CRI score was 38.58±7.25. Marital adjustment had a significant correlation with informational (r=0.14, P=0.03) and normative (r=-0.17, P=0.01) identity styles and problem-focused coping strategy (r=-0.15, P=0.03). Multiple regression analysis showed that only identity styles and working hours could explain 20% of changes in marital adjustment of nurses. Conclusion The marital adjustment of married nurses in Rasht, Iran is at a favorable level. Their informational and normative identity styles and working hours can predict their marital adjustment.},  
Keywords = {Nurses, Marital adjustment, Identity, Coping},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {350-361}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.2822.4},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3701-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3701-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {MuzaffarJanjua, Maria and khan, Ayesha and Kamal, Anil},  
title = {Effect of Exposure to Media Images on Self-Esteem, Body Esteem, and Body Image Anxiety of College Students in Pakistan}, 
abstract ={Objectives There are many different types of media in the world. Exposure to media images can have effect in different ways. The current study aims to explores the impact of exposure to media images on self-esteem, body esteem, and body image anxiety of college students in Pakistan. Methods This is an experimental study. A 2×3×2 mixed factorial pretest-posttest design was used to examine the effect of exposure to media images on the study variables. Participants were 150 college students (75 females and 75 males) who divided into three groups of experimental group I, experimental group II, and control group. To assess the self-esteem of participants, the State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES) was used. The Body Esteem Scale (TBES) was used to measure the body esteem. The state version of the Physical Appearance State and Trait Anxiety Scale (PASTAS) was used to measure body image anxiety.Mixed ANOVA was used to examine the effects of group, gender, and age on the study variables. Results The results showed the significant interaction effect of gender and group on the self-esteem F(2,144)=3.676, P=0.028), body esteem F(2,144)=7.119, P<0.001), and body image anxiety F(2,144)=9.306, P<0.001). Conclusion In a developing country like Pakistan, exposure to ideal media images has a significant negative effect on self-esteem and body esteem of college students which leads to their body image anxiety. Low self-esteem after exposure to media images seems to be more prevalent in male students that in females. On the contrary, females have lower body esteem. On the other hand, male students have lower body image anxiety than females.},  
Keywords = {Media images, self-esteem, Body esteem, Body image anxiety},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {362-397}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.4060.4},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3705-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3705-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}

@article{ 
author = {Shariat, Seyed Vahid and Shirdel, Saeedeh and Kheradmand, Shirin and Shirdel, Alireza and Ghasemizadeh, Mehr},  
title = {Designing the Application of Verbal Fluency Test in Persian for Neurocognitive Evaluations}, 
abstract ={Verbal fluency test is a useful method to evaluate cognitive executive functions. Studies have shown that both types of verbal fluency test (phonemic and semantic) are influenced by brain damage. This test is rarely used by clinicians because it takes too much time to perform. Therefore, we decided to increase its speed and accuracy by designing a verbal fluency test application in Persian language. The study on designing the application of verbal fluency test in Persian was published in the journal of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience entitled “Verbal fluency performance in normal adult population in Iran: norms and effects of age, education and gender”. To design the application, two software engineers, one programmer, and one graphic designer had cooperation with each other. First, the programming was done. During the programming, the programmer first implemented the tables related to the test. Then, by entering constant variables, an initial layout in the form of a look-up table was developed. Then, the graphic designs were added to the application. By testing 100 different scores with the relevant table and receiving the output, the accuracy of the initial version was confirmed. After designing the software, field tests were performed by 10 clinicians to evaluate the application in terms of ease of use and main structural errors. Finally, by testing 100 different scores, the accuracy of the final version was confirmed. The verbal fluency test application in Persian can increase the use of psychological and cognitive tests by Iranian clinicians by increasing the speed and accuracy of tests.},  
Keywords = {Verba fluency, Persian, Application},
volume = {28},
Number = {3}, 
pages = {398-403}, 
publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services},

doi = {10.32598/ijpcp.28.3.3287.3},
url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3727-en.html},  
eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3727-en.pdf},  
journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology},  
issn = {1735-4315}, 
eissn = {2228-7515}, 
year = {2022}  
}