per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 6 12 article Jamshid Ahmadi 1 , Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz Medical Sciences University Two random samples, consiting of 100 female and 100 male medical students stydying at medical school of Shahid Chamran University in Ahwaz were administered by Beck Depression Invemtory. Male students scored somewhat lower on BDI than the females but the difference was not significant. The same result was true when students enrolled in basic sciences courses and those in clinical courses were compared. Only 1% of men and 2% of females were found to be suffering from severe depression. The precentage of female students experinecing hoplessness was found to be twice as that of male students. More over ideas of self-harm was found to be 7% in both groups. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1661-en.pdf per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 13 17 article Mohammad mehdi Esfahani 1 Ministry of Health and Medical Education Expert In this article an attempt is made to introduce Islamic guidelines in coping with stresses. First, the varieties of stresses are described and then Islamic teachings in dealing with stress are considered. This includes the holistic approach of Islam, its invitation to worship God and achieve perfection, the intrinsic need of man for religious enlightenment, the creation of the foundations of belief in man, the all-encompassing nature of God's mercy and support, reliance in God, prayer, and meditation. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1662-en.pdf per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 18 29 article Shohreh Amali 1 Hooshang Mehryar 2 Jaffar Bolhari 3 Shiraz Psychiatric Center, Shiraz for Research on Planning and Development tehran Psychiatric Institute This study investigates the efficacy of assertive training, that is a kind of multi component behavioral procedures, and it's combination with cognitive restructuring (Systematic rational Restructuring) on the socially anxious girls of 12-14 yrs. For this study 21 socially anxious subjects were matched by age, sex, education and economic background. First, they were evaluated by a number of scales including: School Anxiety Scale, Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale, Self Statement Test, The Loneliness Scale, The Children's Self-efficacy Scale, Assertion Test, Positive Outcome Expectancy Scale, Social Interaction – rating Scale, and Semistructured Interview. Then they were randomly divided into three groups (two treatment group, and one placebo group). All of them were evaluated with the same instrument immediately at the end of the treatment and one month later. Analysis of variance and Turkey Test revealed that both assertive training and assertive training with cognitive restructuring approaches were more effective than to placebo, but there was no superiorit y o fassertive training with cognitive restructuring to assertive training with relying on behavioral methods, in either of the dimentions of social anxiety in early adolescent girls. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1663-en.pdf per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 30 39 article Seyed Abbas Bagheri Yazdi 1 Jaffar Bolhari 2 Hamid Peyravi 3 tehran Diseases control Agency Tehran Psychiatric Institute , Tehran Uni. Students Counselling Center The purpose of this study was to evaluate mental health of Tehran University students who were admitted in academic year 1994-95. For this study, 2321 student out of the total number of 4100 were randomly selected. These students were requested to fill General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) as well as Personal Information Questionnaire. The results of testing hypothesis of this research showed no significant diference between men and women, single and married and different age group, in the mental health status of newly admitted students. However a significant difference between median scores of students from Tehran and other districts is found. The study also showed a significant difference between median scores of students who participated more than 3 times in the entrance exams of the universities and those who did for the first time. The highest percentage of answers belonged to questions about depression and being under strain. According to this screening, 16.5% of students were suspected suffering from a kind of mental disorder. This finding suggests further psychological evaluation and adequate counselling services to promote students mental health. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1664-en.pdf per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 40 47 article Asghar Elahi 1 Mansoureh Ramazani 2 Tehran Psychiatric Institute Shahid Navvab Safavi Psychiatric center Dialysis as therapeutic solution for chronic kidney dysfunctions by itself is a chronic stress for patients and can lead to psychological problems in them. This study examined the psychological well-being of two dialysis (No=100) and non-dialysis (No=100) Patients in two hospitals – Shahid Hashemi Nejad and Imam Khomeini hospitals – during the earl y year of 1992. The scale of SCL-90-R was used for the screening of the two groups. Results indicated that 21% of the patients demonstrated depression and 12% identified with having problems in interpersonal relationship. Moreover, in paranoid ideas 12%, somatic complaints 9%, obsessive compulsve 7%, anxiety 6%, phobia 5%, psychoses 4%, and agression 3% of the patients, scored well over the cut off point. These findings are also examined with the demographics of patients, e.g. age and sex, as well as the duration of dialysis they has undergone. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1665-en.pdf per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 48 54 article Bagher Ghobari Bonab 1 In Exceptional Children, Tehran Uni Although effects of religious beliefs on mental health have not been greately studied, however available evidence in this field has shown that these beleifs have substantial effects on all aspects of human life, e.g., they may prevent drug or alcohol abuse. Deep religious beliefs buffer the outcome of stress, depression, delinquency and divorce in religious people and substantially reduce suicidal attempts. This article reviews researches on religious beliefs and the relationship between such beliefs and social or psychological disorders. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1666-en.pdf per Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology 1735-4315 2228-7515 1995-05 1 4 55 60 article Noorollah Yaghubi 1 Mehdi Nasr 2 Davood Shahmohammadi 3 Tehran Psychiatric Institute Iran University of Medical Sciences Diseasses Control Agency The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of mental disorders among people aged 15 and over. After a pilot study for estimating the sample size, 625 subjects were selected by random cluster sampling from family information files in Sowmaesara health centre office. In this study, GHQ-28 was used as a screening tool, and DSM-III-R Clinical interview Checklist for diagnostic interview. The results showed that 23.84% (30.84% females and 15.8% males) had mental disorder. Mood (12.16%) and anxiety (7.52%) disorders were the most prevalent ones. This results also revealed that major depression (6.24%) was the most prevalent disorder in among mood disorders. And generalized anxiety disorder (5.12%) was the most prevalent one among anxiety disorders. http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1667-en.pdf