Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology
مجله روانپزشكي و روانشناسي باليني ايران
IJPCP
Medical Sciences
http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir
18
journal18
1735-4315
2228-7515
10.32598/ijpcp
fa
jalali
1387
8
1
gregorian
2008
11
1
14
3
online
1
fulltext
fa
ساخت و بررسی کارآیی پنج آزمون تصویری ارزیابی ولع مصرف در معتادان مواد افیونی
Designing and Evaluation of Reliability and Validity of Five Visual Cue-induced Craving Tasks for Different Groups of Opiate Abusers
روانپزشکی و روانشناسی
Psychiatry and Psychology
پژوهشي اصيل
Original Research
<p class="a" dir="rtl" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt LINE-HEIGHT: 14.2pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">هدف</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">: </span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><em>هدف این بررسی، تهیه آزمون تصویری بررسی ولع مصرف در معتادان مواد افیونی با بهکارگیری شاخصهای تصویری ایجادکننده ولع مصرف بود. </em></span><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">روش</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><em> 175معتاد به مواد افیونی در پنج گروه (تزریق هرویین، کشیدن هرویین، استنشاق هرویین، کشیدن و خوردن تریاک و کشیدن کراک)، که طی 11 ماه در سالهای 1385 و 1386 به مرکز ملی مطالعات اعتیاد ایران مراجعه کرده بودند، در این بررسی شرکت کردند. تهیه آزمون در مراحل زیر انجام شد: استخراج نشانههای تصویری ایجادکننده ولع در جلسات تبادل افکار متخصصان و معتادان، دستهبندی و تهیه تصاویر تأثیرگذار از لیست نشانهها، رتبهبندی شدت ولع ایجاد شده با تصاویر توسط معتادان، دستهبندی و چینش نهایی، تهیه آزمون تصویری ارزیابی ولع مصرف کامپیوتری در گروههای مختلف معتادان مواد افیونی در پنج گروه، تعیین امتیاز ولع مصرف در معتادان مواد افیونی و بررسی میزان اعتمادپذیری آزمونها در ایجاد ولع مصرف. همه آزمودنیها به پرسشنامه ویژگیهای جمعیتشناختی، چکلیست علایم محرومیت و مسمومیت مواد، پرسشنامه افسردگی بک، آزمون ریون <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="2"> </font></span>و شاخص شدت اعتیاد پاسخ دادند. دادهها بهکمک روشهای آمار توصیفی و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون تحلیل شدند. </em></span><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">یافتهها</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">:</span></strong><em><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"> میانگین</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">نمرات</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">ولع مصرف القاشده بهوسیله آزمونها</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">در</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">گروه</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">آزمودنیهای</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">مصرفکننده کشیدنی کراک</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">و </span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">مصرفکننده </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">تزریقی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">هرویین</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">به میزان</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">معنیداری</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">بالاتر</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">از</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">ولع مصرف</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">در</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">دو</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">گروه</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">مصرفکنندگان</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">تریاک</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">بود (21/12=</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">F</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>، 001/0</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">p<</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">. آزمون تعقیبی توکی تفاوت میانگین نمرات ولع مصرف را در مصرفکنندگان هرویین با تریاک (89/27=</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">I-J</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="FA"><font size="2">، 001/0</font></span></span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">p<</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">و در مصرفکنندگان کراک و تریاک (89/27=</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">I-J</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> ، 001/0</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">p<</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>) معنیدار نشان داد. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font size="2"> </font></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">بررسی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">میزان پایایی نتایج</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">بهدست</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">آمده</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">در</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">آزمونهای</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">ولع مصرف</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">بهوسیله</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">دو</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">روش</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">آلفای</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">کرونباخ</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">و</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">دونیمهسازی،</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">نشانگر</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">پایایی خوب آزمون در بیشتر آزمونها</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="rtl"></span>(بهجز مواردی</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">از</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">آزمونهای</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span lang="AR-SA" dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">تریاک) بود. میزان ولع مصرف با سن (26/0- =</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">r</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> <span lang="FA"><font size="2">، 001/0</font></span></span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">p<</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>) </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">و طول دوره سوءمصرف مواد ارتباط منفی (23/0- =</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">r</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> ، 01/0</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">p<</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>) </span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">و با نمره ترکیبی مشکلات خانوادگی شدت اعتیاد ارتباط معنیدار داشت ( 18/0=</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">r</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> ، 05/0</span><span dir="ltr" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA">p<</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>)</span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">. </span></em><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">نتیجهگیری</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-ansi-font-weight: normal mso-ansi-font-style: italic">:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal FONT-SIZE: 8pt FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt"><em> با تهیه آزمون ارزیابی ولع مصرف در گروههای مختلف معتادان مواد افیونی، که از اعتبار و پایایی مناسبی برخوردار باشد، میتوان به شناسایی بیشتر ویژگیهای این پدیده بهکمک روشهایی چون تصویربرداری عملکردی مغز و ارزیابی پیش از دورههای درمانی و پس از آن و تعیین میزان موفقیت پروتکلهای درمانی در کاهش ولع مصرف یاری رساند. همچنین با این روش میتوان رابطه پدیده ولع مصرف با سایر ویژگیهای بیماری اعتیاد را بررسی کرد.<p></p></em></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt DIRECTION: ltr LINE-HEIGHT: 12pt unicode-bidi: embed TEXT-ALIGN: justify TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Lotus'">Objectives</span></u></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Lotus'">:</span></b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: 'B Lotus'"> The aim of this study was to provide a visual task for the evaluation of craving in opiate abusers, by implementing visual cues inducing craving. <b><u>Method</u>:</b> 175 opiate abusers who had presented to the <placename w:st="on">National</placename> <placetype w:st="on">Center</placetype> for Addiction Studies in <country-region w:st="on"><place w:st="on">Iran</place></country-region> in eleven months of the <span style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt">years 1385 and 1386 participated in the study. The </span>subjects were divided into five groups (heroin injecting, <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt">heroin sniffing, heroin smoking, crystalline heroin (locally</span> known as crack) smoking, and opium ingestion/smoking). The test was developed in the <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">following order: identifying visual cues which could induce</span> craving in interactive <span style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt">meetings between professionals and opiate abusers, </span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">categorization and providing</span> the effective <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">pictures from the list of cues, rating the severity of craving</span> <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">induced through the pictures by addicts, final categorization</span> <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">and setting, providing the computerized visual cue-induced</span> tasks in <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">different groups, determining the scores of opiate induction</span> <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.3pt">and evaluating the reliability of the tasks in craving induction.</span> <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.3pt">All subjects completed demographic questionnaires, Addiction</span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.3pt"> Severity Index (ASI), Beck </span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.3pt">Depression Inventory, Agonist Effect Symptoms Checklist,</span> Opiate Withdrawal <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.3pt">Symptoms Checklist, and Raven IQ Test. Data were analyzed</span> using descriptive statistic methods and Pearson’s <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">correlation coefficient. <b><u>Results</u>:</b> The mean score of induced</span> craving was significantly <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">higher in crack smokers and heroin injectors in comparison</span> with opium abuser groups (F=12.21, p<0.001). Tukey test <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">showed significant difference between drug craving scores</span> in heroin and opium abusers (I-J=27.89, p<0.001) and also between crack smokers and opium abusers (I-J=27.89, p<0.001). The evaluation of the <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">reliability of results in craving induction tasks by Cronbach’s</span> alpha and split-half reliability, showed a good reliability in most tasks (except for some cues in opium tasks). Craving was negatively correlated with age (r= -0.26, p<0.001), abusing duration (r= -0.23, p<0.001) and positively with family problems in ASI (r=0.18, p<0.05). <b><u><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">Conclusion</span></u><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">:</span></b><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt"> Providing a task for the evaluation of craving</span> induction in different groups of <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">opiate abusers, with an appropriate validity and reliability,</span> can help to a better understanding about <span style="LETTER-SPACING: 0.4pt">the dimensions of drug craving through </span><span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">neuroimaging studies,</span> <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">pre-and post-treatment evaluations, and assessing different</span> treatment protocol effects on the craving control. Also, this method can be used to assess the relationship of craving to other features of addiction.<p></p></span></font></p>
ولع مصرف مواد؛ مواد افیونی؛ آزمون تصویری ارزیابی ولع مصرف
craving; opiate; visual cue-induced craving task
337
349
http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-313&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Hamed
Ekhtiari
حامد
اختیاری
E-mail: h.ekhtiari@gmail.com
180031947532846002347
180031947532846002347
Yes
Hanie
Edalati
هانیه
عدالتی
180031947532846002348
180031947532846002348
No
Arian
Behzadi
آرین
بهزادی
180031947532846002349
180031947532846002349
No
Hooman
Safaei
هومن
صفایی
180031947532846002350
180031947532846002350
No
Mehri
Noori
مهری
نوری
180031947532846002351
180031947532846002351
No
Azarakhsh
Mokri
آذرخش
مکری
180031947532846002352
180031947532846002352
No