fa نگاهی به چرخه و اپیزود در اختلال دوقطبی تند چرخش: یک چالش تشخیصی و پژوهشی روانپزشکی و روانشناسی Psychiatry and Psychology نامه به سردبير Letter to the editor <p>نگاهی به چرخه و اپیزود در اختلال دوقطبی تند چرخش: یک چالش تشخیصی و پژوهشی<br> &nbsp;</p> <div style="text-align: justify;">Kraepelin was the first who recognized the phenomenon of cycling in bipolar disorder in 1913. The term rapid cycling was proposed by Dunner and Fieve in 1974. Later on, Kramlinger and Post defined ultra-rapid cycling and ultradian cycling in 1996. Frequent rapid mood switches are an inherent characteristic of bipolar disorder, and rapid cycling is included as a course specifier for bipolar disorder in the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Although the terms cycle and episode are commonly used to delineate discrete periods of mood disorders, literature still suffers from the inconsistent and indistinct definition for them. Therefore, the reported prevalence of rapid cycling bipolar disorder shows a wide variability across studies, which ranges from 15% to 53.6% in adults, and 41.8% to 87.1% in children. Moreover, studies have used different definitions for rapid, ultra-rapid, and ultra-ultra-rapid/ultradian cycling, which has reduced the comparability of data across studies. However, the higher prevalence of rapid, ultra-rapid, and ultra-ultra-rapid/ultradian cycling reported in children with bipolar disorder, compared to adults, may make the pattern of cycling a key criterion in the diagnosis of early-onset bipolar disorder. Obviously, there is a significant need to stabilize a distinct specific definition for each of the terms episode, cycle, rapid cycling, ultra-rapid cycling, and ultra-ultra-rapid/ultradian cycling, based on the consensus of experts in bipolar disorder, in children and adults. In addition to increasing the value of research, using common terminologies and definitions enables comparison between studies and improves diagnostic criteria of rapid cycling bipolar disorder and its therapeutic and management plans in both the early- and adult-onset types.&nbsp;<br> &nbsp;</div> اختلال دوقطبی, تند چرخش, اپیزود Bipolar disorder, Cycle, Episode, Rapid cycling 254 259 http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-81-6&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Elham Shirazi الهام شیرازی Email: shirazi.e@iums.ac.ir 1800319475328460015633 1800319475328460015633 Yes Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت روان، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و سلامت روان (انستیتو روانپزشکی تهران)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران Amir Shabani امیر شعبانی Email:am.shabani@gmail.com 1800319475328460015634 1800319475328460015634 No Mental Health Research Center, Bipolar Disorders Research Group, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت روان، گروه پژوهشی اختلالات دوقطبی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران Mitra Hakim Shooshtari میترا حکیم شوشتری mitra.hakim@gmail.com 1800319475328460015635 1800319475328460015635 No Mental Health Research Center, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran مرکز تحقیقات بهداشت روان، دانشکده علوم رفتاری و سلامت روان (انستیتو روانپزشکی تهران)، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران Mohammad Ghadiri Vasfi محمد قدیری وصفی ghadiri_mohamad@yahoo.com 1800319475328460015636 1800319475328460015636 No Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran گروه گروه روانپزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات اعتیاد و رفتارهای پرخطر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران