fa مرور نظام‌مند فراوانی روش‌های خودکشی در کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه شرقی روانپزشکی و روانشناسی Psychiatry and Psychology مروري Rewie <p class="a" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt MARGIN: 0cm 1cm 0pt mso-line-height-rule: exactly" dir="rtl"><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">هدف</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> هدف بررسی حاضر مرور نظام­مند و مقایسه پژوهش­های انجام­شده در مورد روش­های خودکشی در کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه شرقی، بر اساس تقسیم‌بندی سازمان بهداشت جهانی (</span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">WHO</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>)، <span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>بود. </span><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">روش</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> جست­وجوی نظام­مند منابع به دو روش الکترونیکی (</span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">Medline</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr"><span dir="ltr"></span><span dir="ltr"></span>(PubMed)</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">CINAHL</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">Web of Science</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">ISI</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">Science direct</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> </span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-bidi-language: FA">، </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">SCOPUS</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-bidi-language: FA"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span lang="FA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">PsycINFO</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">OVID</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> و </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">Emrmedex and Imemr</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) و دستی انجام شد. برای جست­وجو کلمه «</span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">suicide</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>» و «</span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">Mesh word</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>» آن و نام کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه شرقی، بر پایه تقسیم­بندی </span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">WHO</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span> در سال 2010 به همراه دیگر عبارت­های مربوط به کشورهای این حوزه به­کار رفت. هر پژوهشی که تعداد، درصد فراوانی یا نسبت انواع روش‌های خودکشی را در افراد بالای 15 سال در یک دوره مشخص از زمان در یکی از کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه شرقی یا مناطق زیرمجموعه آنها گزارش کرده بود، وارد بررسی شد. پس از حذف هم­پوشانی­ها، دو فرد جداگانه عنوان و چکیده 4152 مقاله را بررسی کردند. از این تعداد 167 مقاله انتخاب شد که با بررسی متن کامل، در نهایت 19 مقاله وارد بررسی نهایی شد. برای ارزیابی کیفیت مقاله­های انتخاب­شده «تقویت گزارش بررسی­های مشاهده­ای در همه‌گیرشناسی» (</span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt" dir="ltr">STROBE</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"><span dir="rtl"></span><span dir="rtl"></span>) به­کار رفت. </span><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">یافته­ها</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> روش­های دارزدن، مسمومیت­ها و سوختگی­ها در بیشتر پژوهش­ها بیشترین درصد فراوانی را به خود اختصاص داده بودند. </span><strong><u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">نتیجه­گیری</span></u><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt">:</span></strong><span lang="AR-SA" style="FONT-STYLE: normal FONT-FAMILY: "Tahoma","sans-serif" LETTER-SPACING: -0.1pt FONT-WEIGHT: normal mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt"> در انتخاب روش­های خودکشی تفاوت­های به‌نسبت زیادی میان کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه شرقی وجود دارد. افزون بر تفاوت میان کشورها، تفاوت­ جنسیتی نیز بارز است.<p></p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-JUSTIFY: kashida TEXT-ALIGN: justify LINE-HEIGHT: 14pt TEXT-KASHIDA: 0% MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt unicode-bidi: embed DIRECTION: ltr mso-line-height-rule: exactly"><font face="Times New Roman"><b><u><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">Objectives</span></u></b><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">:</span></b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"> The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of articles about suicidal methods in countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) of <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">World Health Organization (WHO). <b><u>Method</u>:</b> We used databases and hand searching .Several databases were searched</span>, including Pub-Med</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-bidi-language: FA">/</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt">Medline, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, OVID, EMRmedex and IMEMR as well as reference lists of the accessed articles. We searched "suicide", Mesh words" of suicide and country names of EMR countries according to last classifications WHO country regions in 2010. Any article that reported frequency, partial frequency or percent of methods of suicde in people age above 15 years old in countries of EMR was selected. After deletion of duplications, 4152 articles were assessed by two independent assessors for title and abstract.Then 167 articles were selected for reviwing full text articles, from those articles, 19 were selected for data extraction. STROBE checklist (</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"> was used for quality assessments<span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt"> of those articles. Data extraction was conducted with two researchers, independently</span>. <b><u>Results</u>:</b> Hanging, poisoning and self-immolation are the most methods in most of the <span style="LETTER-SPACING: -0.2pt">studies. <b><u>Conclusion</u>:</b> Partial frequency of methods of suicide showed heterogeneity</span> among countries and between genders. </span></font><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt"><p><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></p></span></p> خودکشی، کشورهای حوزه مدیترانه شرقی، مرور نظام­مند suicide, EMRO Countries, systematic review 253 260 http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-653&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Negar Morovatdar نگار مروت‌دار 180031947532846007988 180031947532846007988 No Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران Maziar Moradi Lakeh مازیار مرادی لاکه 180031947532846007989 180031947532846007989 No Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران Seyed Kazem Malakouti سیدکاظم ملکوتی 180031947532846007990 180031947532846007990 No Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران Marziyeh Nojomi مرضیه نجومی mnojomi@iums.ac.ir 180031947532846007991 180031947532846007991 Yes Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران