Showing 12 results for Mindfulness
Ali Hosein Esfand Zad, Giti Shams, Ali Pasha Meysami, Arefeh Erfan,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (2-2017)
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of present study was to investigate the predictive role of Mindfulness, Emotion regulation, Distress tolerance, Interpersonal effectiveness (by controlling the effects of demographic variables, depression and anxiety).
Methods: The study design was correlational. A total of 240 students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected using stratified proportional sampling method. Data were collected using five facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ), Distress Intolerance scale(DTS), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory (BEQI), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale -21 (DASS -21), Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory – Revised (OCI-R) and demographic data questionnaire. The gathered data was analyzed using Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression
Results: The highest correlation relationships was between obsession sub-type with total score of mindfulness (r=-0.47), total score of emotion regulation (r=0.56), absorption sub-scale of distress tolerance (r=-0.38), total score of interpersonal effectiveness (r=-0.43), total score of depression (r=0.49), and total score of obsessive-compulsive symptoms with anxiety (r=0.5). The results of regression analysis indicated that control and predictive variables account for 43% of obsessive-compulsive symptoms variance, 27% of washing variance, 49% of obsessing variance, 22% of hoarding variance, 8% of ordering variance, 32% of checking variance, and 45% of neutralizing variance. So that their weight percentages in models of all OCDs were higher than the predictor variables. This highlights the necessity of considering these variables in research and treatment of the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Theoretical and clinical implications of the results have been discussed in detail.
Conclusions :Control and predictive variables play a role in the prediction of the total score of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and all sub-types. However, different variables involved in sub-types may be considered as distinctive pathology among sub-types. The highest correlation relationship and accounted variance through study variables were in the case of obsessing. The results also indicate the noticeable role of depression and anxiety in the prediction of all sub-types.
Bi Bi Zohreh Razavizadeh Tabadkan, Mahmoud Jajarmi, Yaghoob Vakili,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (2-2019)
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on ruminative thoughts, perceived stress and difficulties in emotion regulation of women with type 2 diabetes.
Methods This quasi-experimental study was carried out using pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a one-step follow-up. Out of all patients with type 2 diabetes and members of the Public Sports Organization of North Khorasan Province, Iran in 2016, 30 individuals were selected via convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Patients of the experimental group participated in eight 120-minute sessions once per week of MBCT. The study data were obtained by using ruminative responses scale, perceived stress scale and difficulties in emotion regulation scale.
Results Results of analysis of variance with repeated measures indicated that MBCT leads to significant decrease in ruminative thoughts (P≥0.01) and difficulties in emotion regulation expect for the knowledge subscale (P≥0.01) in the follow up and in perceived stress (P≥0.01) in post-test.
Conclusion Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy decreases the ruminative thoughts, difficulties in emotion regulation and perceived stress in women with type 2 diabetes.
Hoora Motie, Mahmood Heidari, Fatemeh Bagherian, Fariba Zarani,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Objectives Academic procrastination is an unreasonable delay in the submission of academic assignments, which is very common. This research was designed to develop and study the effect of a mindfulness-based educational package on reducing academic procrastination.
Methods The educational package based on mindfulness for reducing academic procrastination was designed by using mindfulness-based techniques and the relevant literature of academic procrastination considering the effective constructs, including self-efficacy, test anxiety, self-esteem, and perfectionism. In a quasi-experimental study, 36 subjects were selected. In order to study the effect of the educational package on students, the experimental and control groups were put into pre-test, post-test, and follow-up categories.
Results Mixed ANOVA revealed the effectiveness of the provided educational package on improving mindfulness (F=20.87; P<0.001) and reducing academic procrastination (F=44.67; P<0.001) whose effect was significant.
Conclusion Based on the results, self-efficacy, test anxiety, self-esteem, and perfectionism of the participants in the post-test and follow-up were significantly different from the pre-test. The findings of this study are consistent with the findings of previous studies. These results are applicable to clinical and educational practitioners.
Elaheh Sobhani, Narges Babakhani, Mahmoud Reza Alebouyeh,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on the severity of depression, anxiety, stress, and the perception of low back pain after childbirth.
Methods This was a quasi-experimental research with a pre-test, post-test and a control group and one-month follow-up design. The statistical population included all females with chronic postpartum low back pain in Tehran City, Iran. Forty of them were selected by convenience sampling method and were assigned into the experimental (20) and control (20) groups. The study instruments included Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Ossouri's low back pain scale. The samples were followed-up one month after conducting the intervention. A mindfulness training program based on stress reduction was carried out in 8 120-minute sessions once a week for the experimental group. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS.
Results The study findings suggested a significant difference between the mean post-test scores of the experimental and control groups. Thus, mindfulness training on chronic low back pain perception had a significant effect at P<0.01. Additionally, mindfulness training had a significant effect on reducing depression, anxiety, and stress.
Conclusion Mindfulness exercises are associated with increasing the awareness of the thoughts, feelings, and senses of the patients and their admission. Moreover, these techniques reduced their level of depression, anxiety, stress, and lower chronic back pain perception. Therefore, they can help in designing better healthcare programs for therapists, counselors, and psychologists.
Mohammad Saeed Khanjani, Shadan Mosavat, Bahman Bbahmani, Enayatollah Bakhshi,
Volume 27, Issue 1 (4-2021)
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to compare childhood trauma, integrative self-knowledge and mindfulness in patients with cancer and healthy people.
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 139 patients with cancer and 139 healthy people referred to Firoozgar Hospital and SAMAR Charity House who were selected by a convenience sampling method. They were asked to complete Integrative Self-Knowledge (ISK) Questionnaire, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistic methods including MANOVA.
Results: There was a significant difference between patients and controls in terms of ISK (P<0.001), mindfulness (P<0.001) and childhood trauma (P<0.001).
Conclusion: Cancer patients have lower ISK and mindfulness but higher childhood trauma compared to healthy people. Attention should be paid to the role of these factors in prevention and treatment processes.
Farshad Sheybani, Parviz Dabaghi, Sharif Najafi, Mohsen Rajaeinejad,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: This research aims to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on pain intensity, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) of patients with chronic pain via randomized clinical trials.
Methods: The study population consisted of all patients with chronic pain referred to Imam Reza Hospital. Of these patients, 50 cases who met the inclusion criteria and were willing to participate in the study were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the experimental (n=25) or control groups (n=25). After selecting the patients and randomly assigning them to the two groups, the research questionnaires were completed by the patients before and after the treatment. After obtaining a written consent letter from the research participants, the experimental group received MBSR therapy (8 weekly sessions) while the control group did not receive any intervention. The questionnaires included the numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), the World Health Organization quality of life (WHOQOL) (WHOQOL-BREF), the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the Beck depression inventory-2nd edition (BDI-II). To comply with the ethical principles, after the end of the study, MBSR therapy was administered to the control group as well. The data were analyzed via analysis of variance and multivariate analysis of covariance in the SPSS software, v. 19.
Results: The results of the analysis showed that MBSR therapy reduces pain severity, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic pain (P<0.05). The findings also showed that MBSR therapy improves the QoL of patients with chronic pain (P<0.05).
Conclusion: Along with the common medications for chronic pain, MBSR therapy can be used to improve the QoL and reduce the severity of pain, anxiety, and depression in patients with chronic pain.
Farahnaz Amirlou, Hayedeh Saberi, Mitra Hakim Shoushtari,
Volume 28, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: It is highly important to identify the factors related to the general quality of life of parents, especially mothers of children with autism. Therefore, the present study aims to predict parenting stress based on mindfulness and meta-parenting considering the mediating role of parental self-efficacy of mothers of children with autism.
Methods: The present correlational study was conducted using the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The study population included all mothers of 2- to 14-year-old children with autism referring to the therapeutic clinics in Tehran City, Iran, in 2021. Of this population, a total of 250 individuals were selected using the purposive sampling method and then responded to the parenting stress (PSI-SF), mindfulness (MAAS), meta-parenting (M-PQ), and parental self-efficacy (PSAM) questionnaires. The data were analyzed via the SEM method in the AMOS 21.0 software.
Results: The total path coefficient between mindfulness (P<0.01, β=-0.671), meta-parenting (P<0.01, β=-0.256), and parental self-efficacy (P<0.01, β=-0.352), and parenting stress was negative and significant. Also, the indirect path coefficient between parenting stress and mindfulness (P<0.01, β=-0.153) and meta-parenting (P<0.01, β= -0.116) was negative and significant at the level of 0.01. Moreover, the squared multiple correlation coefficient (R2) for the parenting stress variable was obtained at 0.63.
Conclusion: Mindfulness and meta-parenting can predict parenting stress in mothers of children with autism both directly and with the intermediation of parental self-efficacy. Therefore, to develop interventions for preventing high levels of parenting stress, it is necessary to utilize the findings to improve parents’ parent-child relationships.
Mehrdad Kazemzadeh Atoofi, Ghasem Naziry, Masood Mohammadi, Sareh Behzadipour,
Volume 28, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Objectives The quality of sexual function, especially orgasm, is one of the most important issues related to sexual health and fertility. The present study aims to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based sex therapy on orgasm quality and sexual function of women with orgasm disorder.
Methods This is a clinical trial. Participants were 25 Iranian married women referred to clinics of family therapy, sex therapy, and psychiatry in Tehran, Iran who were selected by a convenience sampling method. After obtaining informed consent, they completed the sexual function questionnaire and a researcher-made questionnaire on orgasm quality. Then, education in about the structure and performance of sexual system and sexual response processes were given to them and received the mindfulness-based sex therapy at 8 sessions before, immediately after, and three months after the intervention. The data were compared using multivariate analysis of covariance (MANOVA).
Results The interventions improved orgasm quality and sexual function, and the interaction effect of treatment and time was significant. Results of MANOVA showed a significant difference in sexual function (F(2,22)=195.95, P<0.0001), orgasm quality (F(2,22)=330.97, P<0.0001), number of orgasms per month (F(2,22)=352.28, P<0.0001) and number of sexual intercourses per month (F(2,22)=183.15, P<0.0001) over time.
Conclusion It seems that mindfulness-based sex therapy is effective in improving sexual function and treating orgasmic disorders in women.
Ameneh Shahverdi, Maboud Omidi, Maryam Mousavi Nik,
Volume 29, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Objectives The present study aims to examine the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on cognitive emotion regulation, psychosomatic symptom severity of migraine, and stress coping styles of women with migraine.
Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design. The study population consisted of all women suffering from migraine referred to neurologists in Khorramabad city, Iran in 2022. Of these, 32 were selected by a convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n=16) and control (n=16). Garnefski’s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire, Najarian’s psychosomatic symptoms of migraine questionnaire, and Billings and Moss’s stress coping styles questionnaire were used to collect data. The MBCT was provided to the intervention group for 8 consecutive weeks, one session per week. The data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).
Results The results of multivariate ANCOVA showed that MBCT significantly affected at least one of the variables (F=14.406, P<0.01). The results of univariate ANCOVA showed that MBCT had a significant effect on cognitive emotion regulation strategies (F=60.7, P<0.01), the severity of migraine (F=53.46, P<0.01), and stress coping styles (F=18.5, P=0.03) in the post-test phase.
Conclusion MBCT is effective in improving cognitive emotion regulation strategies, reducing the psychosomatic symptom severity of migraine, and improving stress coping styles of women with migraine. By this method, women learn how to use cognitive methods and mindfulness techniques to stop the automatic processes that cause a deficiency in positive emotion regulation, intensify migraine, and avoid the use of adaptive stress coping styles.
Somayeh Afshar, Negar Asgharipour Zahmati, Fatemeh Alidoosti,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
Objectives Depression is one of the most common mental disorders and is expected to be the most important debilitating disease in the world by 2030. It is very important to pay attention to new treatments in order to reduce the problems of people with depression. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders (UP) are the new treatments proposed for depression. This study aims to compare the effects these therapies on emotional regulation and rumination of people with depression.
Methods This is a randomized clinical trial with a pre-test/post-test design. The study population consists of all people with depression (diagnosed based on the structured clinical interview for diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) and the Beck depression inventory) who referred to the counseling center of Jihad University in Mashahd, Iran, in the summer 2021. Thirty eligible patients aged 18-50 years were selected by a convenience sampling method and randomly divided into two experimental groups; 15 in the MBCT group and 15 in the UP group. The tools including the rumination response scale and the emotional regulation questionnaire were completed at baseline and after the study. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 22 using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and analysis of covariance.
Results Both experimental groups showed significant improvement in the mean scores of emotional regulation and rumination (P<0.001). After controlling the pre-test scores, there was a significant difference between two groups only in the rumination scores, in favor of MBCT (F=7.87, P=0.009).
Conclusion Both UP and MBCT are effective for improving emotional regulation of depressed people, where the MBCT is more effective in reducing the rumination of depressed people.
Mrs Mina Fathi, Dr Nasim Bahrami, Dr Mohammad Ebrahim Sarichloo, Dr Leila Modarresnia, Dr Zainab Alimoradi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to investigate the effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) provided on social media on sexual function, sexual distress, and mindfulness of women with diabetes.
Methods This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted from October 2022 to October 2023. Participants were 36 married women of reproductive age diagnosed with diabetes and suffering from sexual dysfunction. They were randomly allocated to intervention (n=36) and control (n=36) groups using the block randomization method. The MBCT was provided individually using social media (Ita, Rubika, WhatsApp) in eight 60-min sessions, once a week. The female sexual function index, female sexual distress scale- revised, and the mindful attention and awareness scale were completed before, immediately after, one month after, and three months after the intervention. The data was analyzed using repeated measures analyses of variance and covariance in SPSS v.24 software. The significance level was set at 0.05.
Results The scores of sexual function and mindfulness were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group in the post-intervention phases. Sexual distress score group was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group in the post-intervention phases.
Conclusion MBCT provided on social media can increase mindfulness and sexual function and reduce the sexual distress of women with diabetes.
Mr Mojtaba Tashkeh, Dr Komeil Zahedi Tajrishi, Dr Fahimeh Fathali Lavasini, Dr Abbas Ramezani Farani, Dr Hojjatollah Farahani,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
Objectives Despite the importance of sexual mindfulness for the sexual satisfaction of couples, there is no suitable tool to measure it in the Iranian population. Therefore, it seems necessary to have a valid and reliable measurement scale. This research aims to investigate the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the sexual mindfulness measure (SMM) for the Iranian people.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2022-2023 on 366 Iranian married people. The Persian versions of the SMM, the five-facet mindfulness questionnaire (FFMQ), and the marital sexual function scale (MSFS) were used to collect data. Cronbach’s alpha was calculated to assess internal consistency. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to examine the factor structure. Convergent validity was evaluated using the MSFS and FFMQ. Regression analysis was employed to test the predictive validity. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 25 and AMOS software.
Results The CFA results confirmed the two-factor structure of the Persian SMM (awareness and non-judgment). The findings for the convergent validity showed that the SMM score had a positive and significant correlation with the MSFS and FFMQ scores. Cronbach’s alpha was 0.83 for the awareness subscale and 0.71 for the non-judgment subscale.
Conclusion The Persian SMM has suitable psychometric properties and can be used in research and clinical fields related to sexual functioning and mindfulness in Iran. Also, therapists should pay attention to sexual mindfulness as an important factor to improve the sexual function of married clients.
