Showing 17 results for Personality
H. Kaviani, M. Pournasseh, A. S. Mousavi,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (11-2005)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Since interpersonal differences can be assessed using the self-reported personality characteristics, this study aimed to validate and standardize of the revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ-R) in different age groups of an Iranian sample.
Method: A sample of 1212 men and women completed EPQ-R in Tehran. Statistical analysis was done to assess internal consistency and material analysis. One to two months later, 101 of the whole sample were randomly selected and retested using the same questionnaire. Moreover, to assess validity, 100 of the respondents were randomly selected and interviewed by two in-dependent psychologists.
Results: The test-retest reliability coefficients showed that there is internal consistency for 6 subscales of EPQ-R. Correlations between ratings and scores showed high validity in all subscales. Inter-correlations showed that E is distinct from P there is a weak negative correlation between E and N and a weak correlation between P and N. Factor analysis revealed that A and C are correlated with P, N, and E.
Conclusion: EPQ-R is reasonably valid and reliable.
Abbas Bakhshipour Roodsari, Leila Shateri, Samineh Fattahi, Mohsen Soodmand, Elahe Saderi , Ahmad Mansori,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (5-2011)
Abstract
Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Farsi version of Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) in a student sample. Method: 727 university students (442 males, 285 females) with a mean age of 23, who were selected using stepwise stratified method, and 15 patients with schizophrenia who were selected using convenience sampling, completed SPQ. The SPQ is a 74 items self-report questionnaire, which assesses nine DSM-III-R criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 and using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, independent t-test, multivariate analysis of variance, and exploratory factor analysis. Results: Cronbach’s alpha for the total questionnaire and its subscales were 0.90 and 0.59-0.82 respectively. SPQ accurately differentiated patients with schizophrenia from normal population. The exploratory factor analysis for SPQ confirmed the accuracy of three-factor structure introduced by Raine (cognitive-perceptual, interpersonal, and disorganized). Conclusion: SPQ is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing symptoms, dimensions, and factors of Schizotypal Personality Disorder.
Ahmad Ashouri, Ali Mohammadzadeh, Mahmood Najafi, Leila Zeraatkar,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (11-2016)
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between personality traits and religious/spiritual well-being and schizotypal personality traits.
Methods The study was a descriptive-correlation.A total of 351 university students in Semnan (208 females and 143 males) were selected through multi-stage random cluster sampling. The participants responded to the questionnaires on Multidimensional Inventory for Religious-Spiritual Well-Being, Big Five Inventory and Schizotypal Trait Questionnair. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analysis.
Results The results showed that schizotypal personality traits are negatively correlated with extraversion (r=0.22, P<0.001), agreeableness(r=0.23, P<0.001), conscientiousness(r=0.21, P<0.001), hope immanent (r=0.20, P<0.001), and hope transcendent(r=0.24, P<0.001). The schizotypal traits were also found to be positively correlated with neuroticism(r=0.49, P<0.001) and openness(r=0.19, P<0.001). The results of multivariate regression analysis indicated that neuroticism, openness, hope transcendent and agreeableness can predict 28% of the variance of schizotypal personality traits.
Conclusion Religious/spiritual well-being and personality traits are important predictors of mental health. It was found that neuroticism has the highest predictive power for schizotypal personality traits.
Shiva Soraya, Leila Kamalzadeh, Vahideh Nayeri, Esmat Bayat, Kaveh Alavi, Seyed Vahid Shariat,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (2-2017)
Abstract
Objectives: The study was performed to determine the factor structure of the Persian translation of Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID 5).
Methods: After translation and back translation of PID-5, it was performed on 217 subjects, including 114 healthy students and 103 patients with personality disorders. Exploratory factor analysis was done using principal component analysis and direct oblimin rotation to determine the main factors of the inventory and factor loading of the facets. We used SPSS 20 for data analyses.
Results: Using direct oblimin rotation, 5 factors were extracted. The 1st factor Depression-Anxiety includes 8 facets: anhedonia, anxiousness, depressivity, distractibility, emotional lability, impulsiveness, separation insecurity and submissiveness. The 2nd factor Antagonism includes 6 facets: attention seeking, callousness, deceitfulness, grandiosity, hostility and manipulativeness. The 3rd factor Detachment includes 4 facets: intimacy avoidance, restricted affectivity, withdrawal and suspiciousness. The 4th factor includes 5 facets: preservation, rigid perfectionism, impulsiveness, irresponsibility and risk taking. Finally, eccentricity, perceptual dysregulation, unusual beliefs, and experiences were categorized under the 5th factor
Conclusions: The Persian version of PID-5 has acceptable construct validity and could be used as an assessment tool for personality disorders in Iranian samples, if other types of validity and reliability of the tool are proved to be satisfactory.
Bita Dasarband, Leili Panaghi, Fereshte Mootabi,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (5-2017)
Abstract
Objectives Spouse abuse against women is the most prevalent type of family violence, and its harmful consequences threaten both women’s health and their well-being in family and society. It is very important to find the factors that eliminate these deleterious effects and protect women’s health. The aim of this study was to explore the moderator effect of personality characteristics in the relationship between spouse abuse and symptoms of depression among women.
Methods For this purpose, 300 married women were provided with questionnaires measuring spouse abuse, depression symptoms (Beck depression inventory) and personality characteristics (NEO-FFI).
Results According to the results, depressive symptoms in women were correlated with spouse abuse. Agreeableness was found to serve as a moderator between spouse abuse and depressive symptoms.
Conclusion From these findings, one can conclude that women who experience spouse abuse suffer from depressive symptoms. The battered women who were more agreeable experience less depressive symptoms.
Ali Mohammadzadeh, Ahmad Ashouri,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (5-2018)
Abstract
Objectives Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy are often referred to as the dark triad of personality. This study explored the relationships of those personalities with three factor personality models.
Methods The current study was conducted in correlational descriptive research context. A group of 203 normal participants from Tabriz Payame noor university students answered to MACH-IV, MCMI-II and EPQ-R personality questionnaires. Data analyzed using the stepwise multivariate regression analysis method.
Results According to three factors model of personality, Machiavellianism was correlated to neuroticism (r=0.46, P<0.01) and psychoticism (r=0.32, P<0.01), Narcissism was correlated to psychoticism (r=0.17, P<0.01) and extraversion (r=0.17, P<0.01), Psychopathy was correlated to psychoticism (r=0.43, P<0.01) and neuroticism (r=0.43, P<0.01).
Conclusion The dark dimension of personality can be described in terms of high psychoticism, according to three factor personality model.
Amin Sohrabzadeh Fard, Mitra Hakim Shooshtari, Sahar Alibaba,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (8-2018)
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to compare personality traits and psychopathology in three groups of mothers of children with Anxiety Disorders, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and healthy group.
Methods This research was designed as a cross-sectional descriptive study. Participants were comprised of 93 mothers (35 in anxiety group, 27 in obsessive group, and 31 in healthy group) which were selected by available sampling. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM Disorders (SCID-I) and NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI-60) were administrated to measure the study variables.
Results Results indicated that there is a significant difference (P<0.001) in the psychopathology of mothers under anxiety, obsession and healthy groups; however, this significant difference was not found between mothers in anxiety and obsession groups. Results also indicated a significant difference in mean scores of mothers in healthy group and mothers in anxiety and obsession groups especially neuroticism and openness to experience traits. Analysis of variance post hoc test showed that extraversion and openness to experience traits were significantly different in mothers of children with obsessive-compulsive disorder as compared to mothers of children with anxiety disorders and healthy group.
Conclusion With reference to, psychopathology and neuroticism trait, findings showed that significant difference between mothers in anxiety and obsession group and mothers in healthy group. Thus, results of this study marked that considering parent’s psychopathology in prevention and treatment of anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders in children may be of great importance.
Rahim Yousefi, Aysan Imanzad,
Volume 24, Issue 2 (8-2018)
Abstract
Objectives Dark tetrad personality traits model is a new formulation of maladaptive personality that was introduced after dark triad personality and has added sadism component to Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy constellation. The current research aimed to study the validity of Dark tetrad personality traits model among Iranian population.
Methods This cross-sectional study was implemented on 500 undergraduate university students in the academic year 2016-17. Samples were selected using stratified sampling method and were assessed by Dirty Dozen Scale and Short Sadistic Impulse Scale (SSIS).
Results Test of construct validity of Dark tetrad personality traits model used for confirmatory factor analysis showed that it had a good fitness to data. Also, test-retest correlation coefficients for the total scale and its subscales ranged from 0.76 to 0.84. Internal consistency for the total scale and its subscales ranged from 0.68 to 0.88.
Conclusion Dark tetrad personality traits model is confirmed among Iranian sample and has a good fitness to data.
Narjes Salimi Dehaghani, Zahra Yousefi,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (11-2018)
Abstract
Objectives Nightmare is one of the sleep problems among adolescents. This research aimed to examine multiple relations among thought control strategies and symptoms of personality disorders among female students in Shahreza City, Iran in 2015-2016.
Methods In this correlational study, the statistical population comprised all female students in pre-university schools and the sample was 300 girls that they were randomly selected from students list. The measurements were thought control strategies, Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory, and Nightmare Scale (2014). The obtained data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise regression in SPSS V. 21.
Results The results showed among thought control strategies, worry and among personality disorders, dependent and histrionic personality disorders have positive and significant relations with symptoms of nightmare but antisocial and narcissistic personality disorders have negative and significant relations with nightmare. Worry, histrionic, dependent and narcissistic personality disorders can predict nightmare.
Conclusion Based on the results, changes in worries, dependent, histrionic and narcissistic and antisocial personality disorders can predict nightmares.
Elham Mesbahi, Mojtaba Amirimajd, Mohammad Ghamari, Saeedeh Bazazian,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (5-2019)
Abstract
Objectives Love trauma is a common phenomenon among university students which causes educational and psychological problems in them. This study aimed to determine the role of personality traits, early maladaptive schemes, and the quality of attachment relationships in predicting Love Trauma (LT) syndrome.
Methods In this correlational study, the statistical population consisted of all patients referring to counseling centers of Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran University, and Islamic Azad University of Roudehen branch, with a complaint of emotional breakdown. Using purposeful sampling method, a total of 200 patients were selected as study samples. They were screened based on the cut-off point of Love Trauma Index (LTI). Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method in LISREL Software.
Results SEM model showed a root mean square error of 0.047 which indicate good model fit.
Conclusion The provided model for predicting LT syndrome was a good fitting model. Personality traits, early maladaptive schemes, and the quality of attachment relationships could predict LT syndrome.
Sohrab Amiri, Yosef Jamali,
Volume 25, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Objectives The current study investigated the mediating role of emotion regulation and empathy between attachment styles and dark personality traits.
Methods In total, 350 teenage students from Bushehr schools were selected based on convenience sampling method in the academic year of 2017-18. Then, dark traits test, emotional dysregulation, attachment styles, and empathy were distributed among research participants to respond. Collected data were analyzed by correlation indicators and path analysis in LISREL software.
Results There was a significant correlation between the components of dark personality traits, empathy, emotional dysregulation, and attachment styles (P<0.05). Moreover, path analysis modeling indicated the mediating role of emotional dysregulation and empathy in the relationship between attachment styles and dark traits (P<0.05).
Conclusion The obtained results supported the hypothesis that attachment styles lead to dark traits tendencies and emotional dysregulation. Furthermore, empathy can have a moderating role in this regard.
Farnaz Navabifar, Hamid Atashpour, Mohsen Golparvar,
Volume 26, Issue 1 (4-2020)
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to develop a premarital educational package based on based on 9-type personalities (Enneagram) to improve emotional expressiveness of couples preparing for marriage.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study with pretest/posttest design, the study population consisted of all couples in the premarital stage referred to counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran during spring and summer 2017. Of these, 30 were selected and divided into two groups of intervention and control. They completed the Emotional Expressiveness Questionnaire (EEQ) before the study and 45 days after the end of intervention. The educational package was developed based on the study literature and techniques related to enneagram typology and considering its constructs, and then presented to the intervention at ten 90-min sessions once a week.
Results: The ANCOVA results indicated that the designed enneagram-based intervention could significantly affect the emotional expressiveness of the study couples. There was a significant difference between the scores of study groups after intervention (P<0.05).
Objectives This study aimed to develop a premarital educational package based on based on 9-type personalities (Enneagram) to improve emotional expressiveness of couples preparing for marriage.
Methods In this quasi-experimental study with pretest/posttest design, the study population consisted of all couples in the premarital stage referred to counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran during spring and summer 2017. Of these, 30 were selected and divided into two groups of intervention and control. They completed the Emotional Expressiveness Questionnaire (EEQ) before the study and 45 days after the end of intervention. The educational package was developed based on the study literature and techniques related to enneagram typology and considering its constructs, and then presented to the intervention at ten 90-min sessions once a week.
Results The ANCOVA results indicated that the designed enneagram-based intervention could significantly affect the emotional expressiveness of the study couples. There was a significant difference between the scores of study groups after intervention (P<0.05).
Conclusion: the designed enneagram-based educational package was effective in improving the emotional expressiveness of couples preparing for marriage through familiarity with the personality traits of themselves and their partner. These results are useful for professionals and those involved in premarital counseling to provide better services.the designed enneagram-based educational package was effective in improving the emotional expressiveness of couples preparing for marriage through familiarity with the personality traits of themselves and their partner. These results are useful for professionals and those involved in premarital counseling to provide better services.
Marzieh Etemadnia, Shohreh Shiroodi, Javad Khalatbari, Shahnam Abolghasemi,
Volume 27, Issue 3 (12-2021)
Abstract
Objectives: Love Trauma Syndrome (LTC) is common among college students which can lead to psychological and educational problems. The current study aims to assess the role of personality traits, early maladaptive schemas and spiritual health in predicting LTC in college students.
Methods: This is a descriptive/correlational study. Participants were 500 students of universities in Tehran, Iran suffering from LTC who were selected using a cluster random sampling method. They completed the Love Trauma Inventory, HEXACO Personality Inventory, Young Schema Questionnaire- Short Form, and Spirituality Index of Well-Being. Data analysis was performed using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in LISREL software.
Results: The SEM results showed the good fit of the study model (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation= 0.043). Personality traits, early maladaptive schemes, and spiritual health could predict LTC. Extraversion, emotionality, honesty-humility, self-sacrifice, abandonment, and life schema were the strongest predictors.
Conclusion: Personality traits, early maladaptive schemes, and spiritual health can predict LTC.
Ahmad Ashouri, Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar, Hamzeh Alimoradi, Meghdad Talebizadeh,
Volume 27, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEIQue) in college students.
Methods: This is a descriptive study. Participants were 551 students from selected universities in Tehran, Iran who were enrolled using a stratified random sampling method. The students completed the Persian version of TEIQue as well as the Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) and the Neo-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Data were analyzed in SPSS v. 22 software using independent t-test, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson correlation and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA).
Results: The results of EFA confirmed that the Persian TEIQue had four factors of well-being, self-control, emotionality and sociability. Cronbach’s alpha value was reported 0.95 for the global EI, and ranged 0.69-0.90 for its four factors. In the split-half reliability, the Cronbach’s alpha was obtained 0.92 for the first half and 0.89 for the second half. The convergent/discriminant validity assessment in relation to SSEIT and NEO-FFI, showed a positive correlation with the most subscales of SSEIT and a negative correlation with the neuroticism subscale of NEO-FFI. There were gender differences in TEIQue scores between males and females, where females had higher scores in the global index and in factors of well-being and emotionality.
Conclusion: The Persian version of TEIQue has acceptable reliability and validity for measuring trait emotional intelligence in Iranian adult population.
Afsaneh Akhani, Ahmad Ashouri, Fatemeh Hassanzadeh, Fatemeh Pourkhaghan, Zahra Reisi Sarteshneizy,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to investigate the validity and characteristics of pathological narcissism in Iranian public university students.
Methods The present research is a descriptive study performed on 659 students in different degrees and fields in the 2018-2019 academic year. They were selected using the cluster sampling method. The face validity was calculated by administering the questionnaire to a group of 30 students. The convergent validity was assessed using the test of self-conscious affect (TOSCA-3), the narcissistic personality inventory (NPI), the Beck depression inventory (BDI), and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale (RSE). Confirmatory factor analysis was also implemented to evaluate the 7-factor structure of the inventory. Differences between means regarding features of narcissistic personality in genders were evaluated using the multivariate analysis of variance. All data analysis was performed in SPSS v. 20 or LISREL v. 8.8 software.
Results Findings indicate that all impact scores of questions are above 1.5. The internal consistency on the scales of this questionnaire ranges from 0.73 to 0.85, except for the entitlement rage, which is equal to 0.66. Also, the correlations calculated between the two general factors of grandiose and vulnerable narcissism with TOSCA-3, BDI, and RSE were respectively significant and non-significant in relation to the narcissistic personality inventory (at a significance level of 0.05). Findings approve the seven dimensions of PNI-BF in the Iranian population. A comparison of narcissism scores among different genders showed that the grandiose scale was significantly higher in males.
Conclusion The findings confirm the psychometric characteristics of the pathological narcissism questionnaire in the public university students of the Tehran population.
Nasim Nasirpour, Mohammad Mehdi Abbasian, Abbas Ali Pour Aghajan,
Volume 28, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of personality organization, job stress, and ego strength on predicting audit quality in auditing organizations and independent audit companies.
Methods The statistical population of this study was all auditors of the audit organization with 191 individuals and independent audit companies with 208 companies, which included at least three auditors in 2019, and finally 815 people were studied. Using a random sampling method 261 individuals were selected. For data collection, the standard questionnaires of Audit Quality, Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO), Job Stress Questionnaire, and Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths (PIES) were used, which were designed based on a five-point Likert scale.
Results The research results showed that the variables of personality organization (0.425) and ego capability (0.222) had a positive and significant effect on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies and job stress (-0.505) had a significant and inverse impact on the audit quality of auditors of independent audit companies.
Conclusion The quality of auditors’ audits can be predicted according to personality organization, ego strength, and job stress of auditors, which can be used in the performance of stock exchange companies as well as other investment companies. The research findings can present new topics in professional associations for training courses.
Maryam Kami, Dr Abbas Pourshahbaz, Dr Omid Rezaei, Dr Amir-Abbas Keshavarz-Akhlaghi, Dr Seyed Shahab Banihashem, Zahra Dehghanizadeh, Marzie Olamaie Koopaie, Dr Masoud Nosratabadi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (7-2024)
Abstract
Objectives This study aims to examine the clinical symptoms and personality traits of inpatients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) in Iran. Additionally, it seeks to investigate differences in the prevalence of BPD symptoms, comorbid personality disorders, and personality traits between male and female inpatients.
Methods This is a cross-sectional study on 87 patients diagnosed with BPD hospitalized in three psychiatric hospitals in Tehran, Iran. The frequency of clinical symptoms and comorbidity with other personality disorders were assessed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Personality Disorders. In addition, personality traits were evaluated using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Results The most common clinical symptoms were emotional swings (95.4%), shifting self-image (95.4%), and explosive anger (93.1%), while paranoia/transient dissociation (59.8%) had the lowest prevalence rate. Also, narcissistic (51%), paranoid (51%), and antisocial (33%) personality disorders were the most common comorbid personality disorders. There was no significant difference in BPD symptoms and comorbid personality disorders between males and females. The attention-seeking trait was significantly higher in females (F(1,85)=4.44, P=0.038), while grandiosity was significantly higher in males (F(1,85) =5.39, P=0.023).
Conclusion Emotional dysregulation is the main characteristic of hospitalized patients with BPD in Iran. The male and female BPD inpatients have similar comorbid personality disorders and clinical symptoms.
