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Abstract

Objectives: The following study was carried out with the aim of evaluating six pathological susceptibility backgrounds (personality traits, life style, social and family relationships, beliefs and thought, feelings and emotions and behaviors).

Method: In a causal-comparitive study 240 subjects (120 recovered addicts and 120 normal individuals) were selected using stratified random sampling method from rehabilitation centers of four cities: Urmieh, Qum, Shiraz and Tehran. Males constituted 95% of the subjects with an age range of 18 and over. Data were gathered using Addiction Susceptibility Questionnaire (ASQ) and analyzed using t-test.

Results: Drug dependent subjects were significantly different from the normal subjects in each of the pre-addiction susceptibility back-grounds (p<0.001). These backgrounds are effective in forming the vulnerability for addiction.

Conclusion: Drug dependent subjects possess more abnormal characteristics (incorrect lifestyle, unhealthy social and familial relation- ships, erroneous thoughts and beliefs, abnormal emotions and hazardous behavior).

 

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk and protective factors of youth addiction susceptibility. Method: From target population-associate’s degree and undergraduate male and female students from Islamic Azad University branches in West Azerbaijan province aged 18 to 41 years- 592 students were chosen using cluster random sampling method from Islamic Azad University branches in Uremia, Khoy, Mako, Mahabad and Bokan based on sex, course of study, and academic grade. Data was gathered through Addiction Susceptibility Questionnaire-Student Version (ASQ-SV) and analyzed using one way analysis of variance and path analysis. Results: The addiction susceptibility in male students was more than the females’, single more than the married, higher academic grades more than the lower grades, regular and sporadic users more than non-users of cigarettes, and the same in different educational groups. Mother employment with increasing the students' academic achievement indirectly decreased their addiction susceptibility, but directly was ineffective to the increase and decrease of student academic status and addiction susceptibility. The number of friends did not affect the increase and decrease of academic achievement, but directly and indirectly increased their addiction susceptibility with increasing the unfavorable academic status. Conclusion: The academic achievement, favorable academic status, few friends, nonsmoking and employed mothers were considered as protective factors and being male, single, academic drop, unfavorable academic status, the number of friends, and regular or sporadic smoking as the risk factors for addiction susceptibility.

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Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of 5-Dimension Personality Test (5DPT)-Persian version. Method: The sample consisted of 1040 female/male students from the universities in Tehran who were selected through multistage cluster sampling. For gathering the data, in addition to 5DPT, the subjects were asked to complete one of the eight instruments including: Iranian Students’ Mental Health Scale (ISMHS), Mental Health Inventory (MHI), General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), Symptom Checklist-25 (SCl-25), Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (KPDS), The 33 item version NEO- Personality Inventory (NEO-33), Self-Talk Scale (STS), and Beck Hopelessness Inventory (BHI). Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results: The 75-item short-form of the test was composed of five saturated factors fitted to the data. These factors were neuroticism, absorption, orderliness, extroversion, and insensitivity. Internal consistency of the factors were between 0.81 (extraversion) and 0.68 (insensitivity) items’ correlation coefficients with the whole scale score were satisfactory. Factors’ reliability coefficients and all accompanied instruments were in accordance with the literature. Conclusion: The 5DPT-Persian version has suitable psychometric properties to be used in research and clinical settings.