Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this project was to evaluate the level of marital adjustment and the re-lation between marital adjustment and some demographic variables in a group of students residing at the dormitories of Tehran University of medical sciences.

Method: This is a descriptive-cross sectional study.The instrument to collect data was the marital adjustment questionnaire. The subjects for this study were 148 residents of married students dor-mitory of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (74 males, 74 females). Data were analyzed by chi-square and Fisher’s LSD.

Findings: This project indicated 75.8% marital  adjustment and 24.2% incompatibility. Among evaluated variables, there were significant correlations between the variable marital adjustment and both age difference between the couples as well as duration of marriage in years.

Results: Marital adjustment is reduced with the raise in age difference between the couples and dura- tion of marriage.

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to compare sesation seeking in substance ab-users and normal individuals.

Method: 30 heroin abusers and 30 opium abusers from the rehabilitation center in Kerman were selected by simple randomized sampling. Also, 30 smokers and 30 normal individuals, matched for age and education to the sample of substance abusers, were selected as the control group. All subjects completed the Zuckerman's sensation seeking scale.  Data analysis was done using des- criptive tests of one-way ANOVA and Tukey follow test.

Results: This study indicated that the four groups differed significantly in the overall sensation seeking score, as well as the four dimensions of thrill and adventure seeking, experience seeking, disinhibition and boredom susceptibility.

Conclusion: Opium and heroin abusers display higher levels of sensation seeking than non abusers.

Abstract

Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess the relationship between craving and attentional bias in opioid dependent, relapsed and abstinent individual.

Method: In this retrospective study, 30 opioid dependent and 30 abs-tinent males with the age range of 18-60, who were matched on the basis of age, education and the abused substance, were assessed using Craving Beliefs Questionnaire and Probe Dot Task.

Results: Craving had negative and significant (p<0.01) correlation with reaction time for drug related words, which is evidence of relation between craving and attentional bias. In addition, the results showed significant difference among the three groups with regard to craving (p<0.001).

Abstract

Objectives: Due to the significance of parenting style affecting adole-scents’ behavior, this study aims to assess the relationship of parenting style and problem behaviors in adolescent students of Tabriz city (Iran) schools.

Method: In this cross-sectional study 360 adolescent students (224 girls, 136 boys) from the governmental schools in the city of Tabriz were selected based on a cluster sampling. They were assessed by Parenting Style Inventory and Problem Behavior Scale. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics methods, and one-way analysis of variance and LSD tests.

Results: Most of the adolescent students reported their parenting style as authoritative (39.7%) and had modest problem behaviors (39.2%). A significant statistical difference was noted between parenting style and problem behaviors (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Parenting styles affect the development of problem behaviors among adolescents.