Showing 8 results for Imani
Behnam Makvandi, Ali Solaimani, Fatemeh Liami,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (Summer 1998)
Abstract
This article investigates father's role in child and adolescent psychopathology. The role of mother has been studied extensively, but the father's role in child psychopathology has been studied much less and is limited to what has been done in the past few decades. This article reviews some of the studies regarding father's role in child and adolescent psychopathology, namely attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), conduct disorder, delinquency, substance abuse, depression, suicidal behavior, anxiety disorders, schizophernia, autism and eating disorders. Most of these studies emphasize the role of father in child and adolescent psychopathology.
M. Soleimani, M. B. Saberi Zafarghandi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (8-2005)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: The present research aimed to determine the epidemiology of enuresis and the related factors in primary school students in the city of Semnan.
Method: In this research 1200 students of 7-11 years of age were selected from 26 schools using randomized cluster sampling, and their parents were asked to fill in the questionnaire of enuresis. Study data were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test, t-test, and the chi-square.
Results: This study estimated the overall prevalence of enuresis was 15.5% ( 18.4% in boys and 13.1% for girls). The peak age was 8 years of age (25.3%) and the figure decreased at older age. Factors such as socio-economic level, parents’ education and occupation, size of family, breast feed- ing, history of stress in prior 6 months, frequency of voiding, waking disorder and prior year’s school performance were significantly related to enuresis. Of 186 students with enuresis, 30 (16.1%) had diurnal enuresis, 52 (21%) had day wetting, and 3 (1.6%) had encopresis.
Conclusion: The prevalence of enuresis in primary school students in Semnan seems higher than the results of other similar studies.
Majid Mahmud Aliloo , Seyedeh Ayda Mousavi Moghadam , Tahereh Imani,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (Summer 2016)
Abstract
Objectives: The current study aim was to examine the predicting role of emotion intensity and experiential avoidance in trait anxiety. Method: This study was a cross-sectional correlational research. The research population consisted of students who were studying in 2013-2014 second semester. Using a cluster sampling method, 197 students were selected and completed the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Affect Intensity Measure, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: the results showed that emotion intensity (r=0.44, p<0.01) and experiential avoidance (r=0.53, p<0.01) had positive significant relationship with trait anxiety. Additionally, on the basis of stepwise multiple regression analyses, experiential avoidance and emotion intensity accounted for 0.37% of the trait anxiety variance (p<0.001). Conclusion: Based on current research results, emotion intensity and negative internal experiential avoidance could be assumed as predicting variable for the intensity of trait anxiety.
Bijan Pirnia, Seyyed Kazem Rasoulzadeh Tabatabaei, Alireza Pirkhaefi, Aliakbar Soleimani,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (Summer 2017)
Abstract
Objectives Anxiety is one of the most common disorders in childhood. Some of the treatment approaches in clinical psychology determined the treatment of the anxiety symptoms in the interactional field, and others defined it in cognitive framework. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of cognitive behavioral treatment based on anxiety prevention program with parent-child interaction therapy on the anxiety index of pre-school children with parents under methadone maintenance therapy.
Methods This study is based on the combined design of pre-test, post-test and follow-up for six months. It included mothers under methadone maintenance therapy who were referred to two methadone treatment clinics in Tehran. Seventy-five mothers and children were randomly selected and grouped into three groups of cognitive-behavioral therapy, parent-child interaction therapy, and control group (n=25 each group). The treatment protocols were provided in two groups for eight sessions in two weeks, and control group was set in waiting list. The anxiety level of the children was evaluated in three stages of pre-test, post-test and follow-up by Spence Anxiety Scale (responding rate=91%), and data were analyzed using the chi-square, Independent Sample t-test and ANOVA with repeated measure.
Results The results of the study showed that both types of treatment had a significant effect on the anxiety index compared to the control group (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the efficiency of both treatments (P>0.65).
Conclusion The findings of the study can be helpful in explaining the causes of the anxiety index in children and planning the preventive interventions.
Erfan Soleimani Sefat, Himman Sa’adati, Sorayya Azimian, Shahin Amani, Hiva Saleh Manijeh, Leila Leshni,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (Summer 2017)
Abstract
Objectives Avoidance is a maladaptive schema that leads to maladaptive coping responses, followed by psychological problems. In this regard, we need a tool that is able to measure Avoidance schema. Also, there is no Persian version for measuring avoidance schema, so we need a tool that be able to measure Young-Rygh Avoidance schema in Iran. Thus, the aim of the present research is to assess the validity, reliability and factor analysis of the Persian version of Avoidance Inventory.
Methods The sample included 382 students of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University who were selected using convenience sampling method. To assess the convergent-divergent validity, the Avoidance Questionnaire, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire (AAQ-II), Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition, Beck Anxiety Questionnaire, and the Young overcompensation inventory.
Results Factor analysis extracted eight factors that explained 54.92 percent of total variance. Internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha is acceptable (0.69-0.83), and time reliability is appropriate (0.72-0.92). Relationship of Avoidance Inventory with anxiety inventory (0.29), depression inventory (-0.21), excessive compensation (0.43) and acceptance and action scale (0.30) shows the convergent-divergent validity.
Conclusion The Persian version of Avoidance Inventory is a reliable and valid tool.
Mohammad Arghabaei, Ali Akbar Soleimanian, Mohammad Mohammadipour,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (Fall 2018)
Abstract
Objectives Tendency toward substance use is influenced by a range of individual, familial, and social factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family emotional atmosphere, sense of coherence, and affects with tendency toward substance use among university students.
Methods In this descriptive-correlative study, a total of 400 students (311 males and 89 females) were selected using multistage cluster sampling method from Shahid Beheshti Teacher Training University, Mashhad, Iran. Then they completed measures of parental-child interaction rating scale, sense of coherence scale, positive and negative affect scale, and tendency toward addiction scale. Data analysis was conducted using Pearson correlation and backward multiple regression.
Results There were significant and negative relationships between subscales of family emotional atmosphere, sense of coherence, and positive affects with tendency toward substance use among students (P˂0.01). Moreover, negative affects were positively correlated with tendency toward substance use (r=0.48; P<0.01). Regression analysis also indicated that a positive family emotional atmosphere and sense of coherence were significant negative predictors of tendency toward substance use whereas negative affects were significant positive predictors. However, the role of positive affects in the prediction of tendency toward substance use was not significant.
Conclusion Addressing family problems, developing the sense of individual coherence, and instructing strategies to regulate negative emotions in prevention and intervention programs may help reduce tendency toward substance use among university students.
Mis Fatemeh Akbarizadeh, Dr Ali Soleimani, Dr Mohsen Kachooei, Hojjatollah Farahani,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (Continuously Updated 2024)
Abstract
Objectives Psychological problems in children are a significant public health concern. These problems can affect the well-being of children, their families, and peers and negatively impact the quality of their lives in adulthood. The present research aims to assess the relationship between mothers’ adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the internalizing and externalizing problems of children mediated by mothers’ emotional dysregulation and mental capacity.
Methods This is a correlational study using structural equation modeling. The study population consists of all married women with children aged 6-12 in Bushehr Province, Iran, who had registered information in the electronic comprehensive health services system in 2022. Utilizing a random cluster sampling method, 700 women were selected, of whom 632 completed the online questionnaires, including the child behavior checklist, the ACE questionnaire, the difficulties in emotion regulation scale, and the parental reflective functioning questionnaire. All analyses were performed in SPSS Software, version 26 and AMOS version 24 software.
Results The ACE of mothers had a direct and significant relationship with their emotion regulation difficulties (β=0.363, P<0.001) and internalizing (β=0.182, P<0.001) and externalizing problems (β=0.201, P<0.001) of children. Additionally, the ACE in mothers had an indirect and significant relationship with their mental capacity (β=-0.125, P=0.006). The ACE of mothers also had an indirect and significant relationship with internalizing (β=0.126, P<0.001) and externalizing (β=0.134, P<0.001) problems of children through emotion dysregulation. The ACE of mothers also had an indirect and significant relationship with externalizing problems of children (β=0.011, P=0.039) through mental capacity.
Conclusion Mothers’ ACEs have a direct impact on their children’s internalizing and externalizing problems. This relationship can also be mediated by their emotional dysregulation and mental capacity.
Mr. Mohammad Mahdi Akbarzadeh, Dr. Saeed Imani, Dr. Shahriar Shahidi,
Volume 30, Issue 1 (Continuously Updated 2024)
Abstract
Objectives The present study aimed to determine the mediating role of smartphone addiction in the relationship between insecure attachment styles and phubbing among Iranian college students.
Methods This is descriptive-correlational study using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Participants were 615 college students (334 females, 281 males) with a mean age of 26.89±6.4 years, who were selected using a convenience sampling method from universities in Tehran, Iran. They completed online forms of Hazan & Shaver's attachment styles questionnaire, Sevari’s mobile phone addiction scale, and Chotpitayasunondh et al.’s generic scale of being phubbed.
Results The findings indicated a significant direct relationship between insecure attachment styles (avoidant and anxious) and smartphone addiction (P=0.001, β=0.5), and between insecure attachment styles and phubbing (P=0.012, β=0.16). Moreover, smartphone addiction mediated the relationship between insecure attachment styles and phubbing (P=0.005, β=0.366).
Conclusion The college students with insecure attachment styles (avoidant and anxious) are more prone to smartphone addiction, which can lead to phubbing behaviors. Therefore, interventions should be used for fostering secure attachment styles and promoting healthy mobile use habits to reduce phubbing behaviors and thus enhance interpersonal relationships.
