Volume 28, Issue 3 (Autumn 2022)                   IJPCP 2022, 28(3): 350-361 | Back to browse issues page


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Nazari S, Javid F, Negarandeh R, Farokhnezhad Afshar P. Relationship of Identity Styles and Coping Strategies With Marital Adjustment in Nurses. IJPCP 2022; 28 (3) :350-361
URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-3701-en.html
1- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Gerontology, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. , farokhnezhad.p@iums.ac.ir
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Introduction
The nursing profession is stressful. Nurses face more tensions due to their job and family roles. Problems such as high workload, type of services, and job-related communications within the medical center are among the sources of occupational stress in nurses. The tensions and psychological pressures may affect the married life of nurses and cause them not be able to meet all the needs of their spouses; as a result, it can reduce their marital adjustment. Some studies have found that about 30-60% of nurses experience marital conflicts. 
Coping strategies include the methods of managing situations and dealing with life events. It can affect marital adjustment. Another factor related to marital adjustment is identity style. Nurses are at the frontline of patient care and their mental health has a significant impact on the quality of patient care. Marital adjustment in nurses can affect their psychosocial performance. Assessing the factors affecting their marital adjustment can make their role in nurses’ tensions clear. This study aims to determine the relationship of identity styles and coping strategies with marital adjustment in nurses.
Methods
This is a descriptive cross-sectional study on 221 married nurses from public hospitals in Rasht, Iran who were selected by a stratified random sampling method. Inclusion criterion was being married, while the exclusion criterion was any mental illness (based on the self-report). Written consent was obtained from all nurses. Data were collected using Billings and Moos’ Coping Responses Inventory (CRI), Identity Styles Inventory, and Locke–Wallace Marital Adjustment Test. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23.
Results
Of 221 participants, 156 were female (70.6%). The mean age of female participants was 32.40±8.17 years, while the mean age of males was 33.94±7.38 years; 185 (83.7%) had bachelor’s degree, 34 (15.4%) had master’s degree, and 2 (0.9%) had PhD degree. The mean duration of marriage in participants was 9.58 ± 8.06 years, and their mean work experience was 10.24±7.24 years. The spouses of 29.4% participants were nurses, while they were not nurses for 70.6%. The mean working hours of the participants in one month was 178.89±29.20 hours. Regarding the total score of CRI in nurses, 141 (63.8%) had a moderate score, 54 (24.4%) had a low score, and 26 (11.8%) had a high score (Table 1).


The marital adjustment had a significant correlation with informational identity (r=0.14, P=0.03) and normative identity (r=-0.17, P=0.01), but had no significant correlation with diffuse-avoidant identity (r=-0.01, P=0.93) and commitment identity (r=-0.01, P=0.91). The marital adjustment also had a significant correlation only with problem-focused (r =-0.15, P=0.03) coping strategies. It had no significant correlation with cognitive evaluation (r=0.05, P=0.47), emotion-focused (r=0.14, P=0.83), social support (r=-0.07, P=0.26), and somatic inhibition (r=0.05, P =0.50). Regression analysis showed that the Adjusted R2 was 0.20 and R2= 0.25 (Table 2).


Discussion
The marital adjustment in married nurses was at a favorable level. Their marital adjustment was significantly correlated with their informational and normative identity styles and problem-focused coping strategy. The results of the regression analysis showed that only identity styles and working hours could predict the changes in marital adjustment of nurses. Identity styles can well predict positive psychological states including optimism, hope, and trust. 

Ethical Considerations
Compliance with ethical guidelines

This study was approved by the ethics committee of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.TUMS.FNM.REC.1400.087). Written consent was obtained from all nurses participated in the study.

Funding
This article is taken from the thesis of Fatemeh Javid in her master's degree in psychiatry in the Department of Psychiatry, Fculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This research has no financial sponsor. 

Authors contributions
Study design, data collection and interpretation: Shima Nazari and Fateme Javid; data analysis and drafting the manuscript: Reza Negarandeh and Pouya Farokhnezhad Afshar. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

Conflicts of interest
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

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Type of Study: Original Research | Subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
Received: 2022/03/6 | Accepted: 2022/08/22 | Published: 2022/12/22

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