18 1735-4315 Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1727 Psychiatry and Psychology The role of continuous care team on outpatient treatment of chronic psychiatric patients Malakoti sayed b Nooei Ghasem Abadi robabeh Nasr mehdi Esna Ashari robabeh b Shahid Esmaili Clinic, Iran University of Medical Sciences 1 2 1999 4 3 5 14 16 12 2012 Continuous care team has a significant role in the treatment of chronic psychiatric patients and hence mental health services. This article retrospectively studied 55 patients of continuous care system at the Shahid Esmaily Psychiatric Center. Results showed that compared to three years before intervention, during three years post intervention relapse rates, days of hospitalization (90%) and costs of care (85%) had significantly decreased, and job status (60%) had significantly improved. Many studies in Iran and in other countries has shown the efficacy of continuous care team providing mental health services. Since inpatient care provides only one-fifth of country's needs, these findings emphasize the necessity of continuous care team in the mental health system
1728 Psychiatry and Psychology Epidemiology of gob Burnout syndrome among counselors and psychotherapists Khakpour reza Birashk behroz 1 2 1999 4 3 14 23 16 12 2012   This article reports the results of an epidemiological study of burnout syndrome among counselors and psychotherapists. Subjects were 110 (52 female and 58 male) counselors and psychotherapists with M.S. and Ph.D. degrees working in Tehran. One of the aims of this research was to study the effects of demographic characteristics (such as age, sex, marital status, level of education) type of personality, work experience, and number of clients visited per week on job burnout. This instruments used in this study were Geldard Burnout Inventory (GBI) for diagnosing burnout syndrome in counselors and psychotherapists and Bortner Scale for assessing type A personality pattern. Data were analyzed utilizing correlation coefficient, one-way analysis of variance, U-Man-Witney Test and Tukey methods. The findings indicated that 10% of subjects were experiencing mild to moderate levels of burnout and 2.7% were suffering from high degrees of psychological burnout. 1729 Psychiatry and Psychology The effects of giving information on the level of anxiety in patients candidates for general surgery procedures Hamidah mostafa h Mashhodi majid h shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 1 2 1999 4 3 23 29 16 12 2012 This study investigated the effects of giving information and the role of individual characteristic in level of anxiety in general surgery operation patients. 112 male and female (with a mean age of 31.8) in two groups of experimental and control subjects were studied. The subjects answered to Rater Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. Then the subjects in the experimental group were given a sheet with general information about the surgery stages. This information included surgery procedures and information about hernia, gall bladder disease, thyroid disease, abdominal cavity mass, and physician's functions in the treatment of the specified disease. The control group was not given any information. Two hours before surgery, patients completed the Spilberger Anxiety State Inventory. The results showed that the level of anxiety in patients who were given information about their illness and the process of treatment was significantly lower than those patients who were not given any information. There was no significant difference between four kinds of diseases. The level of anxiety in patients with internal locus of control who had received information was lower. When subjects were not given any information, the level of anxiety in patients with internal locus of control was significantly lower than those with external locus of control. There was no significant differences between males and females. 1730 Psychiatry and Psychology A report on the mental health services and the integration of mental health in primary health care system in Iran (Savojbolagh) Abhari mohamad j j Tehran Psychiatric Institute 1 2 1999 4 3 29 41 16 12 2012   The purpose of the present report is to describe the development of mental health programme in Savojbolagh district, 100 km in North West of Tehran with the emphasis on the obstacles in expansion of mental health services in other parts of the world and in Iran. Data on case findings, the number of referrals to mental health centers and other statistics among the rural population of Savojbolagh are reported. The results showed that the prevalence of mental disorders in this population was about 12 per thousand, but only 0.2% of the cases were referred to psychiatric hospital. According to these data, it seems that the integration of mental health in Savojbolagh area was successful and the programme can continue with some modifications. 1731 Psychiatry and Psychology Defense mechanisms and personality disorders: inclusion of defensive functioning scale in DSM Afkham Ebrahimi azizeh k k Shahid Navab Safavi psychiatric Centre 1 2 1999 4 3 41 48 16 12 2012   Psychodynamic clinicians have long stressed the role of defense mechanisms in diagnosis and treatment of their patients. However, until recently the defense mechanisms were not the focus of extensive empirical research due to methodological limitations. The inclusion of defensive functioning scale (DFS) in DSM-IV has renewed the interest in psychodynamic approaches to clinical diagnosis, particularly the axis II syndromes in which the use of some defenses have long been considered important. Along with this, a number of prominent theorists like Millon, have linked each pathological character style to a particular defense mechanism. Despite the dearth of empirical research, the existing findings suggest that defenses have strong relationships with adult personality functioning and psychopathology, and DFS ratings have the potentials for adding clinically useful information to the diagnostic process. 1732 Psychiatry and Psychology Surveying the Effect of Women Volunteers in Families' Health Promotion Raeissi pouran Khosravi ardeshir 1 2 1999 4 3 48 62 16 12 2012   The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of volunteer women in changing the health knowledge and practice of families that were under the coverage of urban health centres in Tehran (south area), Sanandaj and Shahr-e-Kord. This study was a quasi-experimental research. In each area one centre with volunteers programme was selected as experimental and a centre without such programme was selected as control centre. The experimental and control centres were matched in terms of social and economical levels of population they served. Subjects were 400 married women (aged 15 to 49), their children (aged 1 to 4) and infants (aged 12 to 18 months). Data were collected through interview and questionnaire. In the experimental centres before providing this service the subject's knowledge of health issues and their health practice were measured. After the completion of the programme, samples were selected from both experimental and control centres. Pre-test and post-test measures in the two groups were compared. The results showed that this programme ted to a significant increase in the knowledge and practice of the experimental groups in the south area of Tehran. These changes were also seen in Sanandaj and Shahr-e-Kord but were not statistically significant. In terms of the functioning of the mothers with children aged 14 years old only those in the south area in Tehran showed significant improvement. No significant changes in the functioning of the mothers in Sanandaj and Shahr-e-Kord were noted. Although some improvement in terms of child care is demonstrated by mothers in south Tehran but findings of other regions do not indicate any noticeable change. 1733 Psychiatry and Psychology The Effects of P L.U. Programme on Attitude Change of First Grade Guidance School Girls Towards Exceptional Students Gheias Fakhri atefeh Shekohi Yekta mohsen o o Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology 1 2 1999 4 3 62 69 16 12 2012 In this study 123 female students selected randomly from guidance schools were divided into control and experimental groups and were then administered an attitude questionnaire. This questionnaire has three parts, the first pan consists of 20 questions that measure general attitude (social desirability and educational status). The second part has 31 adjectives (positive, negative, Pitying) and the subjects are asked to indicate what adjective they use to describe the exceptional students. The third part, consists of questions about prior experiences that the Subjects may have had with exceptional students. Then the experimental group participated in P. L U. (l) Educational Programme for 8 sessions. Following the completion of the programme both the experimental and the control group were again administered the attitude questionnaire. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance with repeated measures. Results showed that at the post-test, the students in the experimental group used more positive statements in describing the exceptional students than the control group. But there were no significant differences in other subtests. Qualitative results showed that students in this course had become more familiar with the exceptional students and this had led to developing a better feeling towards them  1734 Psychiatry and Psychology The Necessity to Re-examine the Classification Criteria of Conduct Disorders in Adolescence Salime sayad hosayn p p Bagheiatalah Medical Sciences University 1 2 1999 4 3 69 100 16 12 2012   Using Rater Scale and Friendship Measurment Questionnaire, the incidence of conduct disorders in 881 girls and boys aged 11-14 in the south regions of London was investigated. The subjects were selected through accidental sampling method. Data showed no significant differences between the incidence of conduct disorders in girls and boys. But it seemed that the behaviour patterns of girls and boys were different. The need for re-examination of conduct disorders in adolesence with regards to sex for accurate evaluation of diagnostic criteria was emphasized .