18 1735-4315 Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 198 Psychiatry and Psychology The Role of Psychological Factors in Sexual Functional Disorders Mehrabi F. Dadfar M. 1 7 2003 9 1 4 11 24 10 2007
199 Psychiatry and Psychology Psychiatric Disorders in Families of ADHD Children Hebrani P. Alaghband Rad J. Mohammadi M. R. 1 7 2003 9 1 12 19 24 10 2007 AbstractObjectives: This research was to determine the pattern of psychiatric disorders in the imme- diate family members of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Fa- mily genetic risk factors were also evaluated. Method: 227 immediate family members, 120 parents and 107 siblings of 60 ADHD child- ren and adolescents between the ages of 5 to 17 years were evaluated. Psychiatric clinical interviews, K-SADS, SADS, and Wender determined ADHD and family members’ diagnosis. Evaluation of presence of ADHD diagnosis and other psychiatric diagnosis were based on DSM-IV standards. Findings: The most prevalent psychiatric diagnosis in the families were disorders of dep-ression (51.7%), ADHD (48.3%), anxiety (41.7%), and obsessive compulsive (25%). The most prevalent diagnosis, comorbid to ADHD were disorders of Enuresis (38.3%), obse-ssive-compulsive (31.7%), anxiety (30%), and tic (26.7%) in the adolescent group, it was bipolar disorder with 37.5%. Results: The high prevalence of ADHD in the afflicted families indicates strong influence of genetic factors. The presence of comorbid disorders to ADHD and high prevalence of affective and anxiety disorders in the families of ADHD may point to homogeneity in ge-netic etiology in these disorders and subgroups of ADHD whose risk factors, etiology, and treatment responses may differ.  200 Psychiatry and Psychology Comparison of Behavioral Disorders in Single Child vs. Multiple Children Families S. Goodarzi Sh. Derakhshanpour F. Sadr S. Yasami M. T. 1 7 2003 9 1 20 26 24 10 2007 AbstractObjectives: The present study was conducted to compare the prevalence of behavioral dis- orders among children in single child families vs. children in multiple children families. Method: To evaluate such disorders, through multi-stage cluster sampling, 837 children from elementary schools in Tehran were selected as the subjects of the study. 422 of these child- ren were from single and 415 children were from multiple children families. Child Symp-tom Inventory, CSI-4 was completed separately by both the parents and teachers. The find- ings of the research were analyzed by c2 and regression. Findings: The subjects from multiple children, much more than the ones from the single child families, exhibited higher prevalence of conduct disorder according to the parents’ re- ports and higher prevalence of ADHD and other behavioral disorders according to the tea- cher’s reports. Furthermore, the presence or absence of one of the parents was a significant factor intervening in the spoken difference combination of the two factors, single child fa- milies and the number of parents impacted the prevalence of related disorders. Results: This study did not confirm the popular belief that the children of single child fa-milies suffer from higher prevalence of behavioral disorders.  201 Psychiatry and Psychology The Efficacy of Social Skills Training on Adjusting Behaviors of Mild Mentally Retarded Children ayanzadeh A. Arjmandi Z. 1 7 2003 9 1 27 34 24 10 2007 202 Psychiatry and Psychology Assessment of General Practitioners’ Knowledge of Conversion Disorder Yekrang Safakar M. Rasoulian M. 1 7 2003 9 1 35 41 24 10 2007 AbstractObjectives: This study was conducted with the objectives of assessing general practitioners’ knowledge of conversion disorder. Method: Using the available convenient sampling, 136 general practitioners were selec-ted as the subjects of the study. The instruments used for this study included a 20-item ques- tionnaire, hypothetical case histories, and a diagnostic and treatment questionnaire.136 res- ponses obtained from the subjects prior to two retraining programs in psychiatry were ana- lyzed by using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis non parametric statistics. Findings: Despite achieving high grades on the medical diagnosis questionnaire, the sub-jects scored poorly on the questionnaire related to conversion diagnosis. The subjects attained inadequate scores of 24, 16, and 22 respectively on the diagnosis of pseudoseizure, conversion paralysis, and conversion blindness. There was no significant correlation between the average scores on the diagnosis with the subjects’ gender and university of graduation. However, a negative significant correlation was noted between age and the length of time since gradua- tion with the scores acquired on conversion diagnosis.Results: Based on the findings of this study, the knowledge of the general practitioners on medical diagnosis was acceptable, but in the area of conversion diagnosis, their knowledge was poor.  203 Psychiatry and Psychology Successful Usage of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in Dissociation Disorder with Unusual Symptoms Samimi Ardestani M. Yasami M. T. 1 7 2003 9 1 42 46 24 10 2007  Abstract  Objectives: This was a single case study of a patient with unusual dissociation disorder with repetitive rotating behavior. The patient’s school performance had dropped signifycantly as a result of this illness and other treatment methods had proven relatively ineffective.   Method: The subject was a 22 year old male college student who had been exhibiting rota- ting behavior along with day dreaming since the age of 10. Engaging in such behaviors had lowered his school performance. His cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) commenced with using methods of self-monitoring, muscle relaxation, thought distraction, thought stopping, and aversion, followed by self assertive training and other behavioral methods.   Findings: Upon completion of treatment program and again at the 8-month follow up evalu- ation, the patient’s rotating behavior was extinct and his interpersonal behavior was signifi- cantly improved.   Results: CBT method can be effective in symptom reduction and improvement of dissocia- tion disorder.   204 Psychiatry and Psychology Efficacy of Yoga in Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Patients Taherkhani H. H. Na’yeeni F. Mostafavi H. Hussieni H. 1 7 2003 9 1 47 52 24 10 2007 AbstractObjectives: This research evaluated the efficacy of Yoga as a method in treatment of obse- ssive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients who were under standard medications. Method: Yoga treatment was provided for 20 OCD patients, 13 women and 7 men between the ages of 21 and 53 years. These patients had been under drug treatment for at least four months, but had not completely recovered. The patients were evaluated by YBOCS 1.5 month after commencement of Yoga treatment and then three and six months thereafter. Findings: The average YBOCS score at the beginning of Yoga treatment was 24.11(+/-2.15). This score was reduced to 18 (+/-2.18), 15 (+/- 2.29), and 11.56 (+/-1.49) respecti- vely at the 1.5, three, and six month periods. The obtained significant changes show the efficacy of Yoga treatment. Results:Yoga can be effective in treatment of OCD patients resistant to standard medicine treatment. 206 Psychiatry and Psychology Interpretation of Support for Cancer Patients under Chemotherapy: A Qualitative Research Vanaki Z. Parsa Yekta Z. Kazemnejad A. Heydarnia A. R. 1 7 2003 9 1 53 61 24 10 2007   Abstract   Objectives: Evaluating the meaning of support from the perspectives of cancer patients under chemotherapy, their families, nurses, and the oncologists, their concepts of “being support- ed” and “providing support” was assessed.  Method: Data was collected through qualitative method and semistructured interviews of 10 patients and their families, and eight nurses and physicians with oncology specializetion. They described their experience of “perceived support” and “received support” analytic- cally. The interviews were tape recoded the participants’ statements were analyzed using the procedures and techniques of ground theory.   Findings: The findings showed that “support” is multidimensional and a vital need it must continuously be available to service recipients. The patients and their families were aware of lack of support by the health treatment service providers. From the perspective of the ser- vice recipients, mental support was deemed to have the highest priority. Nurses and physi- cians considered physical support with the highest priority and all the clinical intervene-tions equal to that of “support”. Nonetheless in comparison with the concept of “caring”, support is very deeper and more extensive.  Result: Support, a process of social interaction is initially established through empathic connection leading to generation of a network of safety for the service recipients. Once a specific meaning of illness and its treatment is structurally formed for the patient, necessa- ry abilities in physical, psychological, and social arenas may be attained. Iranian cancer patients and their families complain about lack of support and safety network by their phy- sicians and nurses. This demands indispensable attention, reconsideration, and a new retrain- ing alongside these lines. 207 Psychiatry and Psychology Prevalence of Child Abuse in Khorramabad Secondary Schools Namdari P. 1 7 2003 9 1 62 70 24 10 2007 AbstractObjectives: This research was conducted to show the prevalence of child abuse in the se-condary school students in the town of Khorramabad. The effective factors were also deter- mined. Method: 240 students (117 girls, 123 boys) in the first, second, and third grades of second- dary schools were selected randomly as the subjects of this cross-sectional and descriptive study. Child Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire was used as the main instrument. The find- ings were analyzed and interpreted by descriptive statistics and c2. Findings: The most prevalent abuse was related to that of emotional abuse implicated res- pectively by the fathers, mothers, sisters, and brothers in both boys and girls (91.6%). By and large (58.2%), parents and brothers physically abused the children. 38 subjects, all girls (32.5%) reported to having been sexually abused. A significant correlation was indicated between emotional and physical abuse with family financial status, birth order, mental ill-ness and illicit drug addiction of family members and family social interactions. There was no significant correlation between the age of parents with physical and emo-tional abuse. Furthermore, no significant correlation was noted between the parents’ oc-cupation and level of education with emotional abuse. Results: Child abuse is prevalent and it is mostly implicated by the parents.  208 Psychiatry and Psychology Evaluation of Tehran Pre-university Students’ Awareness of Effects of Cigarette Smoking Hatamizadeh N. Ziayee P. Dolatabadi Sh. Vameghi R. Vasseghi S. 1 7 2003 9 1 71 78 24 10 2007