@article{ author = {Aghaie, Elham and Abedi, Ahmad and JamaliPaghale, Somaye}, title = {Meta-analysis of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavior Interventions}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of the Current meta-analysis was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior treatments in reducing test anxiety.  Method: Totally 23 studies with accepted methodology were selected and meta-analysis was done on them. The data were gathered using meta-analysis check list. The effect size of each study was calculated separately. Results: The study findings showed that the rate of effect size of cognitive-behavior treatment on reducing test anxiety was 2.66 (p≥0.001) which according to Cohen’s table was high. Conclusion: Cognitive-behavior interventions are suitable treatments for test anxiety.}, Keywords = {meta-analysis, cognitive-behavior treatment, test anxiety}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {3-12}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1507-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1507-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, Sajad and Salehi, Iraj and Moosavi, Heshmatollah and Yousefzaeh, Shahrokh}, title = {Axis I Psychopathology during the First Four Mounts After Traumatic Brain Injury}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this research was to examine ‎the dimensions of axis I disorders during the first four months after ‎Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and mental states after TBI. Method: Overall, 238 patients (43 females and 195 males) with TBI, in a descriptive-longitudinal study, were selected by consecutive sampling procedure and each of them undergone medical ‎examinations. After 4 months of follow-up, 65.1% (155 cases) of the patients referred ‎to a psychiatrist to determine the nature of their mental disorder due to ‎TBI, using a structured clinical interview, based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV) ‎. Results: The results showed that 75.5% (117 cases) of the patients had post-injury mental disorders ‎secondary to TBI‎. Of these, 88 patients (75.2%) showed the comorbidity of mental disorders. However, the most common mental disorders due to TBI included personality change (58.6%), mood disorders (32.3%), anxiety disorders (20%), sleep disorders (19.3%), chronic amnesia (12.9%) and somatoform disorders (1.3%). Delirium, eating and psychotic disorders due to TBI, ‎each ‎up to 0.64%, were also diagnosed‎. Conclusion: The high frequency of mental disorders is evident in the acute phase after TBI, along with many novel cases of personality changes, mood and anxiety disorders. Therefore ‎‎TBI patients must be monitored and evaluated at least in a 4-‎month period after the trauma to reduce the risk of mental ‎disorders incident.}, Keywords = {traumatic brain injury, mental disorder, comorbidity, neurobehavioral sequelae}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {13-28}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1508-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1508-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Habibi, Nastaran and Shahrivar, Zahra and Sharifi, Vandad and MahmoudiGharaee, Javad and Tabatabaee, Maryam and Zarrabie, Mojg}, title = {Clinical Characteristics and Diagnostic Stability of Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical characteristics and diagnostic stability of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Method: In this prospective study, 257 subjects with bipolar disorder who were consecutively admitted to Roozbeh Hospital (Tehran, Iran) were enrolled. Demographic characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, comorbid disorders and mood and psychotic symptoms were extracted from the patients’ admission files and the information questionnaire, which had been filled in the admission time by the patients. In the further assessment, diagnostic evaluation was done using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-aged  children present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL), for the patients under 18, and the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) for the patients older than 18. Severity of the symptoms in the acute phase of mood disorder was evaluated by the Young Mania Rating Scale (Y-MRS) in manic phase and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for patients older than 16 or Children Depression Inventory (CDI) for the patients under 16 in depressive phase. Also, current and past levels of functioning were evaluated by the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale for patients older than 18 and the Child Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) for the patients under 18. Results: The most common symptom, irritability, was accompanied by elated mood in most cases. 73.2% of the patients had at least one comorbid disorder and the most common comorbid disorder was Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (44.2%). Diagnostic stability in all periods of illness was higher than 80%. Conclusion: This study supports the high diagnostic stability of bipolar disorder in both children and adolescents.}, Keywords = { bipolar disorder, child, adolescent, diagnosis, symptoms}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {29-39}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1509-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1509-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Dadashzadeh, Hosein and Yazdandoost, Rokhsare and Gharraee, Banafsheh and Asgharnejadfarid, Aliasghar}, title = {Effectiveness of Cognitive - Behavioral Group Therapy and Exposure Therapy on Interpretation Bias and Fear of Negative Evaluation in Social Anxiety Disorder}, abstract ={Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy on the reduction of interpretation bias and fear of negative evaluation in social anxiety disorder. Method: In a pre-posttest experimental design with control group, 24 students studying at B.Sc. level in the Health School of Iran University of Medical Sciences with the diagnosis of social anxiety disorder were selected by convenience sampling. Then, all of the subjects were randomly allocated into three groups (cognitive-behavioral group therapy, exposure therapy, and waiting list control group). Twelve sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy were carried out according to a standard manual of therapy, and the waiting list control group did not receive any treatment. Data were gathered through administration of Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), Interpretation Questionnaire- Revised, and Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale (BFNE-S). Univariate analysis of covariance was used for data analysis. Results: The cognitive-behavioral group therapy comparing to the exposure therapy (p<0.01) and the waiting list control group (p<0.001) significantly led to the reduction of interpretation bias in the socially anxious subjects. It was also found that exposure therapy alone did not significantly reduce interpretation bias in the social anxiety patients and showed no difference with the waiting list control group. On the other hand, both  cognitive-behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy in comparison with the waiting list control group significantly reduced fear of negative evaluation (p<0.001 & p<0.001 respectively), but there was no significant difference between these groups themselves. Conclusion: Both cognitive- behavioral group therapy and exposure therapy, reduced fear of negative evaluation in social anxiety disorder. On the other hand, the cognitive-behavioral group therapy also reduced interpretation bias, but the exposure therapy could not do so.  }, Keywords = {social anxiety disorder, cognitive-behavioral group therapy, exposure therapy, interpretation bias, fear of negative evaluation}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {40-51}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1510-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1510-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Abedi, Ahmad and Malekpour, Mokhtar and Oraizi, Hamidreza and Faramarzi, Salar and JamaliPaghale, Somayeh}, title = {Standardization of the Neuropsychological Test of NEPSY on 3-4 Years Old Children}, abstract ={Objectives: The current study aimed to standardize the neuropsychological test of NEPSY on 3-4 years old children. Method: Statistical population of the study was 3-4 years old children in Isfahan city (Iran). The research sample consisted of 400 kindergarten children who were selected randomly with multiple-stage sampling method. The research instrument was the neuropsychological test of NEPSY. The data were analyzed using descriptive method for factor analysis and determining the validity and reliability. Results: The results of factor analysis gave the following five factors: executive functions/attention, language, sensory motor functions, visuo-spatial processing, and memory and learning. Totally, 51.13% of variance was explained. The reliability coefficient for the above factors was obtained as 0.64, 0.71, 0.78, 0.67 and 0.85, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion:  NEPSY test can be an appropriate and valid instrument for early diagnosing neuropsychological deficits in 3-4 years old children.}, Keywords = {standardization, NEPSY test, children, Iran}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {52-60}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1520-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1520-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {GhanbariJolfaee, Atefeh and NasrEsfahani, Mehdi}, title = {Trends of Psychiatric Consultation in Rasoul Akram Hospital}, abstract ={Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the characteristics of psychiatric consultations and their changes over a 3-year period in Rasoul Akram Hospital, (Tehran, Iran). Method: The consultations’ characteristics of various hospital wards were retrospectively evaluated since 2007 to 2010 and some characteristics like gender, the reason of consultation request, the requesting ward for consultation, request and consultation date and psychiatric diagnosis were recorded. The data were analyzed using c2 and matched-paired t-test. Results: During the study period, for 1.09% of the inpatients, a psychiatric consultation was requested. Most of the referrals were from internal medicine department. Current psychiatric symptoms (55%) and unexplained physical symptoms (16%) were the most prevalent reasons for referral and major depressive disorder (27.7%), delirium (11.8%) and substance dependency (10.2%) were the most common psychiatric diagnoses. There were no significant differences between the two time periods (2007 and 2010) based on the total number of consultations, gender of  patients, the requesting ward for consultation and lag time. Although the rate of referrals from some departments such as neurology had significant difference (p<0.05), the reason for consultations were not different between the two periods (p≥0.05). The rate of substance dependency in 2010 was more than 2007 (p=0.001). Conclusion: Further such studies are necessary for monitoring up the changes of consultations’ patterns.}, Keywords = {psychiatric consultation, trend of pattern change, physical disease}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {61-66}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1511-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1511-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Zare, Maryam and shayeghian, Zeinab and Birashk, Behrooz and AfkhamEbrahimi, Azizeh}, title = {Reliability, Validity and Factor Analysis of Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI)}, abstract ={Objectives: In order to investigate the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment methods for decreasing agitation in diseases like dementia, a proper scale like Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) is needed. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the CMAI. Method: The sample consisted of 100 caregivers of patients with Alzheimer's disease that responded to the CMAI. Results: The inter-rater reliability of the inventory was investigated by the assessment of other observer. After two weeks, the main observer filled the CMAI for the same patients again. The reliability of the inventory was investigated by test-retest, alpha Cronbach and split-half methods that were 0.99, 0.92 and 0.82 respectively. The validity of the questionnaire was investigated by convergent validity, inter-rater agreement across items and exploratory factor analysis. The results from factor analysis of the CMAI using varimax rotation method yielded 4 factors labeled: 1- Aggressive Behaviors, 2- Non-Aggressive Behaviors, 3- Verbal Aggression, and 4- Hiding Behaviors, which explained 72.77% of the total variance. Convergent validity was confirmed by computing a correlation coefficient between the subscales together and with total scale, which was significant between 0.43 and 0.90 (p<0.01). Conclusion: Regarding the results, it could be said that this inventory can be a valid and reliable scale to evaluate the agitation in patients with Alzheimer's disease.}, Keywords = {alzheimer, agitation, validity, reliability}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {67-73}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1512-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1512-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rajabi, Gholamreza and Dastan, Nasir and Shahbazi, Masou}, title = {Reliability and Validity of the Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale-Erectile Functioning}, abstract ={Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to examine the reliability and validity of the Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale-Erectile Functioning (SSES-E) among university students. Method: 115 married male students of Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, were selected voluntarily, and completed the SSES-E. Results: The alpha chronbakh coefficient was calculated as α= 0.95 and for the five factors extracted, it was 0.82 to 0.91. Also, exploratory factor analysis using varimax rotation and with eagenvalues more than one, extracted five factors (having intercourse without fear or anxiety, keeping an erection during the intercourse, get a sexual encounter, reach to orgasm, and re-sexual desire) which explained 74.04% of the items variances. There was significant correlation between total score and five extracted factors. Furthermore, there was high sexual self-efficacy among 20 males and low sexual self-efficacy among 17 males. Conclusion: The clinical psychologists and family councelors can use and benefit the  SSES-E to identify the male clients with erectile difficulties for training and treatment activities in clinical and counceling settings.}, Keywords = {reliability, validity, exploratory factor analysis, erectile functioning, Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale}, volume = {18}, Number = {1}, pages = {74-82}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1513-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1513-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Jalali, Amirhossei}, title = {Editorial}, abstract ={Editorial}, Keywords = {}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {87-87}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1607-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1607-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Fadaee, Zahra and Ashouri, Ahmad and Habibi, Mojtaba and Dehshiri, Gholam-reza and Karimzadeh, Atefe}, title = {Suicide Ideation and Heritability Coefficient Among Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twins}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed to assess suicidal ideation based on gender, age, marital status and heritability coefficient estimate in a sample of 11 to 35 years-old monozygotic and dizygot twins. Method: One hundred and sixteen twins (MZ=66, DZ=50 age, 11-35) were invited to complete the Suicide Ideation Scale (SIS) in the anniversary of Laleh and Ladan. Results: Analysis of variance showed that gender, age and marital status together accounted for 80% of the total variation of suicidal ideation in twins. There were significantly higher rates of suicidal ideation between women, adolescents, and singles in comparison with men, young people, and married people, respectively. The heritability coefficient in adolescent and young twins was 0.49. Conclusion: The findings suggest that women, adolescents and single people, respectively, compared to men, young people and married people are at higher risk of suicidal ideation. Regarding heritability of suicidal ideation, supervising of significant others to people with suicide ideation must be considered in mental health policy making in the field of primary and secondary prevention. }, Keywords = {suicide ideation, heritability coefficient, twin, adolescent, young }, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {88-98}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1629-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1629-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Poursharifi, Hamid and Habibi, , Mojtaba and Zarani, Fariba and Ashouri, Ahmad and Hefazi, Mitra and Hajebi, Ahmad and Bolhari, Jafar}, title = {The Role of Depression, Stress, Happiness and Social Support in dentifying Suicidal Thoughts in Students}, abstract ={Objectives: This study has investigated the predictive value of psychological constructs including stressfulness of life, depression, happiness and social support on the rate of suicidal thoughts in students. Method: The study sample included 1094 boys and girls residing in the Tehran University’s student dormitory. The participants completed Suicidal Ideation Scale (SIS), Student Depression Scale (SDS), Student Life Stress Inventory (SLSI), Oxford Happiness Scale (OHS), and Social Support (SS) scale. Results: The statistical data analysis using multiple regression techniques showed that happiness, depression, stress and social support account for 76 percent of the changes in students’ suicidal thoughts. In addition, the results showed that depression has the strongest predictive power of suicidal thoughts. Conclusion: Depression and related structural variables could be used for predicting and efficiently identifying students’ suicidal thoughts.}, Keywords = { suicidal thought, student depression, stress, happiness, social support }, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {99-107}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1608-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1608-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Aminoroaia, Mahin and Barekatain, Majid and Attari, Abbass}, title = {Assessment of Educational Needs on Suicide Prevention in Residents of Psychiatry at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences: A Qualitative Study}, abstract ={Objectives: “Need assessment” is considered as the process of evaluation of needs in a specific domain, which is fundamental for quality improvement of health education and research. As suicide is one the most important problems in public health, it would be expected that all psychiatric residents should have adequate knowledge and skills to play their different roles in the field. This study was designed to assess educational needs of psychiatric residents at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences with the aim of determining the priorities and needs about suicide. Method: This qualitative phenomenological study was based on triangulation method. Sixteen psychiatric residents at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were recruited using purposive sampling method. Data were gathered by interview and group debates and analyzed based on Colaizzi’s seven-step model. Results: The findings of this study encoded 1015 codes, distributed in three main domains: “educational needs” (to recognize causes and risk factors, psychological education, and training practical skills against suicide), “needs in process and facilities” and “human resources needs”. Conclusion: This study revealed multiple educational needs in the field of suicide. On the other hand, the current educational program could not fulfill the needs of psychiatric residents with regard to the contemporary realities of suicide. This finding mandates the revision of current educational programs. }, Keywords = {need assessment, psychiatric residents, suicide}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {108-114}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1609-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1609-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Shahrivar, Zahra and Alaghband-rad, Javad and MahmoudiGharaie, Javad and Seddigh, Arshia and Salesian, Niloofar and JalaliRoodsari, Mohsen and SobheBidari, Payam}, title = {The Efficacy of an Integrated Treatment in Comparison with Treatment as Usual in a Group of Children and Adolescents with First-Episode Psychosis during a Two Year Follow-up}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of an integrated treatment (IT) versus treatment as usual (TAU) in a group of inpatient children and adolescents with first episode psychosis (FEP) during a two year follow-up. Method: In a randomized controlled trial, 40 children and adolescents with FEP based on DSM-IV criteria were recruited from referrals to Robe Hospital (Tehran, Iran). They were divided into a TAU group (N=20), and an IT group (N=20) who received a low dose of atypical antipsychotic medications and family psycho-education program, and were followed up by telephone contacts. All participants were evaluated at admission and discharge as well as in 6, 12, 18 and 24 month intervals using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version-Persian Version (K-SADS-PL-PV), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF), and Children Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Statistical methods consisted of analysis of independent t and c2 for qualitative variables, and random effect regression model for quantitative variables. Results: The two groups showed significant improvement in all outcome measures at different time-points. The rate and duration of recurrences were lower in the IT group compared to the TAU group. All of the other outcome measures were comparable in the two groups and there was no difference between them in different follow-up periods. Conclusion: Integrated treatment may decrease the rate and duration of recurrences in children and adolescents with FEP.}, Keywords = { first episode psychosis, children, adolescents, treatment as usual, efficacy}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {115-137}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1610-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1610-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Molavi, Parviz and Shahrivar, Zahra and MahmoodiGharaee, Javad and Basharpoor, Sajjad and Sharghi, Afshan and Nikparvar, Fatemeh}, title = {Short-time Outcome Predictors of Bipolar Disorder Type I in Children and Adolescents}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the three and six month clinical and demographic outcome predictors (recurrence rate, the rate of hospitalization, severity of illness and recovery rates) in a group of children and adolescents with type I bipolar disorders. Method: The participants of this longitudinal and prospective study were 80 children and adolescents admitted in Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran, Iran with a diagnosis of type I bipolar disorder. Consecutive referrals were included in a prospective cohort. The participants were evaluated at admission, discharge, and follow-up at 3 and 6 months, using demographic questionnaire, Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime Version-Persian Version (K-SADS-PL-PV), Young Mania Rating Scale (Y-MRS), Children Depression Inventory (CDI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI). The Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regressions were used for data analysis. Results: The 6-month follow-up showed that there was a positive correlation between the severity of mania with male gender (p=0.01) and the severity of mania at admission (p=0.04). The rate of recurrence at the 6-month follow-up was correlated (p=0.05, r=0.22) with psychosis at admission. The duration of untreated disorder (p=0.03) had a positive correlation with the severity of global impairment at the 6 month follow-up. Conclusion: This study confirms the role of some demographic and clinical features in predicting the course of disease and response to treatment. }, Keywords = {bipolar disorder, child and adolescent, outcome, predictor }, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {128-137}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1611-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1611-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Sharifi, Vandad and Mesgarpour, Bita and Basirnia, Anahita and Amin-Esmaeeli, Masoomeh and Farhoudian, Ali and Amini, Homayoun and Mohammadi, Mohmmad Reza and Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin and Salesian, Niloofar and Yousefi-Nooraie, Rez}, title = {Quality of Studies on the Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders in Iran}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this research was to investigate the quality of studies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iran. Method: All studies on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Iraniangeneral population as well as school children over 15 were identified through searching several databases including PubMed, ISI WOS, PsychINFO, CINAHL, Irandoc, EMBASE, IranPsych, IranMedex, and Scientific Information Database as well as reference lists of the accessed documents, unpublished reports, conference proceedings and dissertations. The original studies, which contained an estimation of the prevalence of “any psychiatric disorder” (overall prevalence) among a sample of general population or high school students in the country were selected. A quality assessment  checklist was developed based on the following criteria: accurate description of research questions, random sampling, representativeness of the study sample for a defined target population, using the same method of data collection for the entire sample, using valid and reliable tools, and proper analysis of the results. Results: The assessment was performed on those studies on the prevalence of any psychiatric disorder in the country that had used random sampling (43 studies). It showed that in only about 40% of the studies the sample was representative of the target population. In more than 25% of the studies, validity and reliability of the Persian translation of the instruments were not assessed or were not reported. In total, nearly a third of studies had acceptable quality (random sampling, application of valid and reliable tools, and sample representing the target population). Conclusion: Although this research - as part of a systematic review-was based only on a group of prevalence studies in psychiatric disorders, its findings indicated that a significant proportion of these studies are non-compliant with key quality measures. Instead of mere emphasis on increasing the number and quantity of studies, policy makers should employ strategies to improve research quality.  }, Keywords = { prevalence, epidemiology, mental disorders, Iran}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {138-149}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1612-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1612-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {AbediGhelichGheshlaghi, Milad and Asghari-moghaddam, Mohammad Ali and KhalilzadePoshtgol, Marziye}, title = {Psychometric characteristics of Pain Self-Management Checklist (PSMC) in Patients with Chronic Pain}, abstract ={Objectives: The purpose of this research was to investigate the psychometric characteristics of Pain Self-Management Checklist (PSMC) in the population with chronic pain. Method: First, the checklist was administered to 186 patients with chronic pain, selected through random sampling in Tehran (n=86) and Ardebil (n=100). Then, test-retest reliability coefficient was evaluated with another 30 patients with chronic pain. In addition to the PSMC, some other checklists including Physical Disability Questionnaire (PDQ), Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale (DASS-21), Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI), and chronic pain case-finding questionnaire were used for data collection. To validate the PSMC, its correlation with other instruments was investigated, and the reliability was calculated using Chronbach’s alpha and test-retest. Results: The results indicated that this checklist has high correlation with most important pain co-morbidity constructs (depression, anxiety, stress and physical disability). Therefore, it has appropriate construct validity. Moreover, the reliability of this checklist using Chronbach’s alpha and test-retest was appropriate. Conclusion: This study provides evidence for the advantage of using this checklist for Iranian patients. }, Keywords = { chronic pain, validity, reliability }, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {150-156}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1613-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1613-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Lashani, Zeynab and Shaeiri, Mohammad Reza and Asghari-Moghadam, Mohammad Ali and Golzari, Mahmou}, title = {Effect of Gratitude Strategies on Positive Affectivity, Happiness and Optimism}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out if gratitude can increase positive affectivity, happiness and optimism in Iranians with low positive affectivity. Method: In this quasi-experimental study, 636 students of three Iranian Universities (Shahed, Vliasr, and University of Sience and Culture) were chosen using pretest-posttest method. Then 96 low positive affect subjects were chosen. Finally, 62 subjects completed satisfaction form and were assigned randomly into seven groups (Gratitude and Neutral Strategies based on the Emmons, Seligman and Verbal-Action patterns, and a Control group), and received separate instructions in specific envelopes. The data required were collected Positive And Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ), and Life Orientation Test (LOT). Then the data of 50 participants were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U statistical methods. Results: The results showed significant increase in positive affects by Seligman and V-A strategies (p=0.20), and increase in happiness by Emmons, Seligman and V-A strategies (p=0.04). Conclusion: The results confirmed the effect of the above three training strategies on the expansion of positive affectivity and happiness. }, Keywords = {affectivity, gratitude, happiness, optimism}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {157-166}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1614-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1614-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Hassanzadeh, Seyed Mehdi}, title = {Letter to the Editor}, abstract ={Letter to the Editor}, Keywords = {}, volume = {18}, Number = {2}, pages = {167-167}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1615-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1615-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {EstekiAzad, Nasim and Amiri, Shole}, title = {Effectiveness of Olweus Bullying Prevention Program on Iranian Boys}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP) on the rate of bullying behaviors among primary school boys. Method: This research used a pretest posttesting design and 6-month follow up on subject and control groups. Using randomized multi-stage sampling, one district was chosen out of six districts of education in the city of Isfahan. Four boys primary schools were randomly selected from that district. Sociometric questionnaire was applied to all boys in grades 2-4 and 40 boys who scored highest as bullies were randomly allocated to experiment and control groups. The experiment group received 10 sessions (60 minutes, twice a week) of anti-bullying training based on the OBPP. Rea search data were collected using sociometry and Peer Relationship Questionnaire. Findings were analysed using multivariate analysis of covariance. Results: The experiment group had significantly lower bullying and victim behaviors at posttest and 6-month follow up (p<0.0001). Also the results showed significant improvement in prosocial behaviours at posttest and 6-month follow up (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Anti-bullying training programs based on the OBPP can reduce the bullying problem at schools. }, Keywords = {Olweus Bullying Prevention Program, bullying, victim, prosocial behaviors}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {175-183}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1884-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1884-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Akbari, Ebrahim and MahmoudAliloo, Majid and Khanjani, Zeynab and Poursharifi, Hamid and Fahimi, Samad and AmiriPichakolaei, Ahmad and Azimi, Zeinab}, title = {Early Maladaptive Schemas and Parenting Styles of Students Who Have Failed in Love With and Without the Clinical Syndrome}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the early maladaptive schemas and parenting styles among students with love failure, with or without the clinical syndrome. Method:  Using purposive sampling and based on Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) 30 students with love failure and clinical syndrome and 30 students with love failure and without clinical syndrome were selected from University of Tabriz, and completed Young’s Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF) and Schaefer Family-Parenting Environment (SFPE). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in the early maladaptive schemas and parenting styles (p<0.05).  Conclusion: We can predict the severity of clinical signs in romantic relationship failure on the basis of early maladaptive schemas and family of origin environment and accordingly schema therapy approach can be used in clinical and counseling centers to help these people.}, Keywords = {early maladaptive schema, parenting style, love failure}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {184-194}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1885-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1885-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {RahimianBoogar, Isaac and Habibi, Mojtab}, title = {Sensitivity, Specificity and Cutoff Point of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised in Diagnosis of Learning Disorders}, abstract ={Objectives: This research aimed to determine the sensitivity, specificity and cutoff point of the revised version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-R) in diagnosis of  learning disorders. Method: Using a cross-sectional descriptive design and multistage cluster sampling, 45 students with learning disorders and 45 students without learning disorders completed a demographical data questionnaire and WISC-R. The data was analysed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: The cut point 89 can differentiate children with learning disorders in 94.1% of cases with sensitivity of 71.1% and specificity of 95.6% (p<0.05).  Likewise, a score of 44 in Verbal subscale, was differential in 86.7% of cases with sensitivity of 84.4% and specificity of 86.7% (p<0.05). A Performance subscale score of 44 was differential in 87% of cases with a sensitivity of 44.4% and specificity of 93.3% (p<0.05). Conclusion: WISC-R can be used to devise diagnostic checklists for learning disorders in children. }, Keywords = { learning disorders, intelligence test, sensitivity, specificity, students}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {195-201}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1890-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1890-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Palahang, Hasan and Rabiei, Mehdi and Khorramdel, Kazem and Zerehpush, Asghar and Sajjadian, Parinaz}, title = {Validity, Reliability and Factor Structure Analysis of the Revised Version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-71 (SCARED-71)}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of the present study was to examine validity, reliability and factor structure analysis of the revised version of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-71 (SCARED-71). Method: After providing the Persian version of the target scale using translation and back translation, the approved version of the SCARED-71 as well as School Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) were administered to 237 students (83 males, 154 females) of Isfahan city selected through stratified-cluster sampling. Results: Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest reliability coefficient were 0.93 and 0.83, respectively. The range of Cronbach’s alpha and retest reliability for the subscales were  0.57 to 0.84 and 0.61 to 0.82, respectively. Female probands reported higher anxiety scores in all subscales. Convergent and divergent validity of the SCARED-71 in correlation of the CERQ subscale were confirmed. Explanatory factor analysis revealed seven factors accounted for 43% of the total variance. This structure was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusion: The revised version of the SCARED-71 has satisfactory validity and reliability. }, Keywords = {screening, children, reliability, validity, Iran, anxiety disorders}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {202-210}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1886-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1886-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Salehi, Hamid and Zarezadeh, Mahshid and Salek, Babak}, title = {Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of Motor Observation Questionnaire for Teachers (PMOQ-T)}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this research was to introduce the Persian version of Motor Observation Questionnaire for Teachers (PMOQ-T), and evaluate its reliability and several aspects of its validity in identifying children at risk of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in Iran. Method: We examined discriminante validity, construct validity, concurrent validity, and internal consistency of the PMOQ-T using a sample of 505 school boys and their teachers. Teachers were asked to complete the PMOQ-T. Teachers assessments were compared to students’ performance on the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOTMP) and Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). Results: PMOQ-T had a high internal consistency (Coronbach's alpha=0.91). The DCD at risk group scored significantly higher than the normal children in both BOTMP and TGMD-2. Explanatory factor analysis showed that the PMOQ-T was bi-factorial and the Persian version was compatible with the original. Finally, high correlations were observed between the PMOQ-T scores and "BOTMP (-0.75) and TGMD-2 subscales": locomotion (-0.68) and object control (-0.62). Conclusion: The results imply that the PMOQ-T can be considered a valid and reliable screening tool for Iranian children at risk of DCD. }, Keywords = {developmental coordination disorder, psychometry, screening}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {211-219}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1887-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1887-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Aganj, Najme and Honarparvaran, Nazanin and Refahi, Zhale}, title = {Validity and Reliability of the Persian Individual Protective Factors Index (IPFI)}, abstract ={Objectives: The purpose of this study was to check the psychometric properties of the Persian Individual Protective Factors Index (IPFI). Method: In the current survey, 481 high school students (243 girls) were recruited via multistage cluster sampling. Individual Protective Factors Index was prepared by translation and back translation, and then used for data gathering. Results: Factor analysis using principle component method revealed a 4-factor structure for the IPFI, namely Social Bonding, Personal Competence, Social Competence, and Social Coherence subscales. The correlation coefficient of the Social Bonding, Personal Competence, Social Competence, and Social Coherence with total score were 0.70, 0.78, 0.67 and 0.69, respectively (p≤0.01). The respective alpha coefficients for the above dimensions were 0.86 , 0.96, 0.82, and 0.82, respectively. The reliability was confirmed by the split-half method. Conclusion: The Persian IPFI is a valid and reliable research instrument. }, Keywords = {Individual Protective Factors Index, validity, reliability}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {220-226}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1889-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1889-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Tavoli, Azadeh and Allahyari, Abasali and Azadfallah, Parviz and FathiAshtiani, Ali and Melyani, Mahdieh and Sahragard, Mahdi}, title = {Validity and Reliability of the Farsi Version of Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS)}, abstract ={Objectives: This study aimed at assessing the validity and reliability of the Farsi version of Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS). Method: In a cross-sectional study, a sample of 150 students of Payam Noor University were selected by convenience sampling. After forward and backward translations, the Farsi version of SIAS with the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (BFNE) and the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) were used for data collection. Pearson’s correlation and independent T test were utilized to analyze data. Results: Test-retest reliability was 0.79 (Cronbach's alpha=0.90). Also, SIAS could differentiate males and females as expected females scored higher (p=0.035). There was a significant correlation between the SIAS and the BFNE (r=0.54, p<0.0001) and SPIN (r=0.68, p<0.0001). Conclusion: The Farsi version of SIAS has acceptable validity and reliability for use among the Iranian students. }, Keywords = {Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, reliability, validity, Iran}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {227-232}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1888-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1888-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Vossoughi, Asghar and BakhshipourRoodsari, Abbas and Hashemi, Touraj and Fathollahi, Siamak}, title = {Structural Associations of NEO Personality Dimensions With Symptoms of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine common and specific factors of anxiety and depressive disorders based on the NEO personality dimensions. Method: Four hundred and thirteen students of Tabriz University (200 males, 213 females) selected by cluster sampling responded to the following questionnaires: NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Maudsley Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (MOCI), Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN), and Phobic Stimuli Response Scales (PSRS). The data were analysed using the confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Results: The findings suggest a better fitness of the five-factor structure for anxiety and depressive disorders compared with the six-factor structure. The findings support the validity of only three NEO personality factors. Of various structural models evaluated, the best fitting pertained to the structure in which higher-order dimensions of neuroticism, extraversion and conscientiousness significantly predicted anxiety and depressive disorders. Conclusion: Neuroticism is a common factor between anxiety and depressive disorders, extraversion is specific to depression, and social phobia and conscientiousness are specific factors for obsessive-compulsive disorder. }, Keywords = {NEO personality dimensions, personality, anxiety disorders, depression, structural equation modeling}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {233-244}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1894-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1894-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Mazhari, Shahrz}, title = {Letter to the Editor}, abstract ={Letter to the Editor}, Keywords = {}, volume = {18}, Number = {3}, pages = {245-247}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1891-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1891-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Morovatdar, Negar and MoradiLakeh, Maziar and Malakouti, Seyed Kazem and Nojomi, Marziyeh}, title = {Frequency of Methods of Suicide in Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) of WHO: A Systematic Review}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review of articles about suicidal methods in countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMRO) of World Health Organization (WHO). Method: We used databases and hand searching .Several databases were searched, including Pub-Med/Medline, ISI Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, OVID, EMRmedex and IMEMR as well as reference lists of the accessed articles. We searched "suicide", Mesh words" of suicide and country names of EMR countries according to last classifications WHO country regions in 2010. Any article that reported frequency, partial frequency or percent of methods of suicde in people age above 15 years old in countries of EMR was selected. After deletion of duplications, 4152 articles were assessed by two independent assessors for title and abstract.Then 167 articles were selected for reviwing full text articles, from those articles, 19 were selected for data extraction. STROBE checklist (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) was used for quality assessments of those articles. Data extraction was conducted with two researchers, independently. Results: Hanging, poisoning and self-immolation are the most methods in most of the studies. Conclusion: Partial frequency of methods of suicide showed heterogeneity among countries and between genders.  }, Keywords = {suicide, EMRO Countries, systematic review}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {253-260}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1939-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1939-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Davoudi, Farnoush and Rasoulian, Maryam and AhmadzadAsl, Masoud and Nojomi, Marziyeh}, title = {Factors Associated with Physical Domestic Violence Against Women in Countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR): A Systematic Review and Metanalysis}, abstract ={Objectives: This systematic review is to sum up evidences from the countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR), on factors associated with physical domestic violence (DV). Method: Pubmed, EMBASE, ISI, PsycInfo, IMEMR, Ovid, Global health, Cochrane Library, IranMedex, SID , IranDoc, Science Direct, Elsevier, Proquest and Magiran were searched with no language limits up to December 30, 2011. The hand searching included papers lists of references and evidence list of "The National Agenda for Preventing  Domestic Violence". Quantitative studies on ever partnered, not-pregnant women in the EMR countries, which referred to either predisposing or protective factors of physical DV, in each of victims, perpetrators and community domains, were selected. A criterion based critical appraisal was performed by two reviewers. We applied random effects model to pool odds ratio (OR) estimates, Cochran’s Q test to assess hetrogenity, Begg’s rank correlation test and Egger’s regression method to assess publication bias. Results: According to the meta-analysis, receiving university education by women is a protective factor against physical DV, while women not being employed in paid jobs are more prone to physical DV. Conclusion: There are many Factors Associated with Physical Domestic Violence Against Women in Countries of Eastern Mediterranean Region at the level of victim, perpetrator and family/societal characteristics. These factors are remarkably similar to those reported from other countries. }, Keywords = { domestic violence, spouse abuse, risk factors, protective factors, systematic review, metanalysis}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {261-275}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1931-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1931-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Ghasemipour, Yadollah and BahramiEhsan, Hadi and Abbaspour, Somayyeh and Poursharifi, Hami}, title = {The Effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing in Treating Overweight and Obesity of Patients With Coronary Heart Disease}, abstract ={Objectives: The present study investigated the effectiveness of motivational interviewing in treating overweight and obesity among patients with coronary heart disease. Method: Using Quasi-experimental, pretest- posttest design with a control group, 110 patients who had previously coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were selected and assigned to two groups: experimental (n=60) and control (n=50) groups. These two groups had scored on body mass index (BMI) equal or above 25. The experimental group participated in motivational interviewing sessions in addition to regular cardiac rehabilitation programs. BMI, symptomatic depression, anxiety and stress were assessed in pretest and posttest (after three months). Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance regarding criteria of BMI for overweight and obesity. Results: Motivational interviewing was effective in controlling overweight, but not in the obese group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that motivational interviewing is effective to control overweight as a risk factor of coronary heart disease. Overweight is more related to lifestyle than obesity. It seems obesity is under influence of non-modifiable factors like genetic which is not easy to change. }, Keywords = {motivational interviewing, overweight, obesity, coronary heart disease}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {276-283}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1932-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1932-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {EslamiShahrbabaki, Mahin and Sabzevari, Laya and Haghdoost, Aliakbar and DavariAshtiani, Rozit}, title = {A Randomized Double Blind Crossover Study on the Effectiveness of Buspirone and Methylphenidate in Treatment of Attention Deficit /Hyperactivity Disorder in Children and Adolescents}, abstract ={Objectives: In this study the efficacy of buspirone was compared with methylphenidate in children and adolescent with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods: In this randomized double blind clinical trial with crossover design, 40 children and adolescents (6-16 years old) with the diagnosis of ADHD were studied. The samples were selected by conventional method and categorized by blocked randomization into buspirone and methylphenidate groups. This study has two 8-week phases with one week wash-out period. Both medications were prescribed with the dose of 0.5 mg/kg/day. Effectiveness was evaluated using teacher and parents forms of ADHD Rating Scale (ADHD-RS) for both groups. Questionnaires were completed in baseline and every two weeks during the eight-week phase. Medication side effect profile was evaluated. Data were analyzed by repeated measurement ANOVA. Results: At the end of each phase, the scores of attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity had significant decrease in comparison with baseline and previous weeks of study for both drugs and no significant difference was detected between groups. The positive effect of methylphenidate in decreasing the symptoms was detected earlier than buspirone. Conclusion: Buspirone seems to be as effective as methylphenidate in treating ADHD with less side effects. }, Keywords = {attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, buspirone, methylphenidate, hyperkinetic syndrome}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {284-292}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1933-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1933-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Marefat, Rahman and MakvandeHoseini, Shahrokh and Abdulmajid, Amirhosein and Salimi, Soghr}, title = {A Survey on Collaboration Rate of Authors in Producing Scientific Papers in Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology During 2002-2010}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine collaboration among authors who published articles in the Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology during 2002-2010. Method: In a scientometric study, original articles published in the Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology during 2002-2010 were included. Obtained data were analyzed by Excel software and descriptive statistics (frequencies and means) were reported. Results: The collaboration coefficient was 0.61. Findings indicated that Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (with 236 articles) and Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services (with 167 articles) have had the most grouping published articles in the journal among other research institutes and scientific centers. Conclusion: Author’s collaboration in the Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology is suitable. It seems that browsing author's collaboration coefficient in this journal periodically can improve it and is suggested. }, Keywords = { Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, scientometrics, collaboration rate, authors collaboration coefficient }, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {293-298}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1934-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1934-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {KarimiTalabari, Zohreh and NooriKhajavi, Morteza and Rafiei, Hass}, title = {Reasons of Methadone Maintenance Therapy Drop out in Clients of Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS): A Qualitative Study}, abstract ={Objectives: The present study has done with purpose of survey the reasons of methadone maintenance therapy drop out in clients of Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS). Method: In a qualitative study, sixteen clients underwent face-to-face deep semistructured interviews which continued until informational saturation. The interviews were written and studied by inductive-deductive content analysis method. Results: According to the analyzed data, treatment system, the patients, and the family are three effective factors in dropping out and bands of these factors influence each other. The patient encounters with issues including low motivation, unstable motivation, and comorbid psychiatric disorders. On the other hand, the family is not conversant about technique’s treatment, therefore don’t cooperate adequately. Also treatment system regarding many aspects (such as protocol inaccuracy, labeling, contemptuous behavior with client, and undertaking behavior with patient for example seeing him as a wrongdoer person, not to inform him, lack of enough appointment and empathy with him) is unaffordable for client. In this system, quantity is more emphasized than quality and psychological treatment, is too colorless. Conclusion: It seems that the current system and clinic`s conduct ways have been desined for patients with high motivation and severe dependency and it is not useful enough for patients with low motivation and moderate dependency. Hence these patients are not taken care of in the treatment program and drop out. }, Keywords = { methadone, opioid, addiction, substance dependence}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {299-309}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1935-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1935-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Nik-Azin, Amir and Naeinian, Mohamad Reza and Shairi, Mohamad Rez}, title = {Validity and Reliability of Health Related Quality of Life Questionnaire “KIDSCREEN-27” in a Sample of Iranian Students}, abstract ={Objectives: The aim of present study was to assess preliminary validity and reliability of the Health Related Quality of Life Questionnaire "KIDSCREEN-27" in a sample of Iranian students. Method: 551 students were selected from middle and high schools of Yazd city age 11 to 19, using multistage sampling. The questionnaire administered after pilot study and cognitive interview. Besides self report KIDSCREEN-27, 4th version of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales, General Health Questionnaire 28 item version (GHQ-28), Personal Well-being Index-School Children (PWI-SC), Multidimensional Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale (MSLSS), Cooper Smith Self-Esteem Inventory (CSSEI), Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and Socioeconomic Properties Questionnaire were performed. To examine validity of the questionnaire, construct validity (confirmatory factor analysis and discriminate validity) and convergent and divergent validity were employed, and using Cronbach’s alpha and test-retest (two week apart) coefficient its reliability was verified. Results: Floor effect was observed in psychological well-being, social support and peers, and autonomy and relation with parents, and ceiling effect was observed for all dimensions that were negligible. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed an appropriate fitness between the model and the data. There was moderate to strong correlation between KIDSCREEN dimensions, except for social support and peers, with similar dimensions in other questionnaires that assess the same constructs (p< 0.01). Significant differences in some KIDSCREEN dimentions were found between high and low socioeconomic, as well as among three and tree mental health (normal, borderline and abnormal) groups (p<0.05). Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for all dimensions, except for school environment dimension, were above 0.70 and test-retest reliability coefficients for all dimensions were strong (p<0.01). Conclusion: KIDSCREEN-27 has an appropriate validity and reliability in Iranian population.  }, Keywords = { KIDSCREEN Health related quality of life questionnaire, adolescents, validity, reliability}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {310-321}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1937-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1937-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Mohammadzadeh, Ali}, title = {The Explanation of Schizotypal and Borderline Traits According to Attachment Dimensions and Basic Personality Traits}, abstract ={Objectives: This study explored prediction of schizotypal and borderline traits according to attachment dimensions and basic personality traits. Method: The current study was conducted in correlational context. Randomly selected 603 students from Tabriz Payame Nour and Azad Universities and Sarab Payame Nour University students took part in this research. Participants answered Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B), Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised, Short form (EPQ-RS) and Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI). Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Results: Neuroticism, avoidant attachment, psychoticism, secure attachment (negatively), ambivalent attachment and extraversion (negatively) significantly predict schizotypal trait respectively. Neuroticism, psychoticism, ambivalent & avoidant attachments significantly predict borderline trait respectively. Conclusion: High neuroticism and psychoticism with avoidant attachment style is proposed model for schizotypal, while high neuroticism and psychoticism with ambivalent attachment style is best model in prediction of borderline traits.}, Keywords = {schizotypy, borderline, attachment, personality, psychoticism, neuroticism}, volume = {18}, Number = {4}, pages = {322-330}, publisher = {Iran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services}, url = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1927-en.html}, eprint = {http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1927-en.pdf}, journal = {Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology}, issn = {1735-4315}, eissn = {2228-7515}, year = {2013} }