TY - JOUR T1 - The Comparison of Executive Functions, Risk Behaviors, and Academic Motivation Among Adolescents With Chronology Type Morningness and Eveningness TT - مقایسه کارکردهای اجرایی، رفتارهای پرخطر و انگیزه تحصیلی بین نوجوانان با تیپ های زمانی صبحگاهی و شامگاهی JF - ijpcp JO - ijpcp VL - 23 IS - 4 UR - http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2586-en.html Y1 - 2018 SP - 438 EP - 453 KW - Chronology as topic KW - Executive functions KW - Risky behaviors KW - Academic motivation N2 - Objectives This research was conducted with the goal of comparison of executive functions, risk behaviors, and academic motivation among adolescents with chronology type morningness and eveningness. Methods This is a comparative study in a population of high school students in Isfahan in 2014-15 academic year. Accessible sampling was used as a sampling method in two phases. In the first phase 320 students were selected, and in the second phase, 106 students with different chronology types were chosen as a final sample. The data gathered by using Horne and Östberg’s Morningness-eveningness questionnaire, Mohammadi and his colleagues’ Iranian Adolescents Risk Scale, Abdekhodaee’s Achievement motivation questionnaire, and Wisconsin card sorting test. Independent samples t test and Mann-Whitney U test were employed for analyzing data using SPSS-21. Results Significant relationship was found between two aspects of executive functions containing preservation error and incorrect answers responses, and chronology types (P<0.05), whereas no significant relationship existed in other aspects. In addition, morningness and eveningness chronology types were significantly different among adolescents in terms of risky behaviors and academic motivation (P<0.05). Conclusion The adolescents with morningness chronology type performed better in executive function and academic motivation in comparison with eveningness type and had lower risky behaviors. M3 10.29252/nirp.ijpcp.23.4.438 ER -