Volume 24, Issue 2 (Summer 2018)                   IJPCP 2018, 24(2): 148-163 | Back to browse issues page


XML Persian Abstract Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Pourshahriar H, Alizade H, Rajaeinia K. Childhood Emotional Abuse and Borderline Personality Disorder Features: The Mediating Roles of Attachment Style and Emotion Regulation. IJPCP 2018; 24 (2) :148-163
URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-2814-en.html
1- Department of Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran , E-mail: alizade72@yahoo.com
3- Department of Educational & Development Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:   (9255 Views)
Objectives  This study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of attachment styles and emotional regulation in the relationship of childhood emotional abuse and borderline personality disorder features.
Methods In a descriptive-correlational study, a sample of 312 students of Shahid Beheshti University was selected using cluster sampling method. Participants responded to the Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS). Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) of Path Analysis type.
Results  Evaluation of the hypothesized model showed that this model has suitable fitness indices. Results showed that anxious attachment style and difficulties in emotion regulation can predict borderline personality disorder feature in full mediation.
Conclusion The result, supporting theoretical model for borderline personality disorder, proposes a suitable framework for etiology of the disorder.
Full-Text [PDF 2958 kb]   (5518 Downloads) |   |   Full-Text (HTML)  (32959 Views)  
Type of Study: Original Research | Subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
Received: 2018/02/7 | Accepted: 2018/05/9 | Published: 2018/07/24

References
1. Kaplan BJ. Kaplan and Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry: Behavioral Sciences/Clinical Psychiatry. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2016.
2. Pompili M, Girardi P, Ruberto A, Tatarelli R. Suicide in borderline personality disorder: A meta-analysis. Nordic Journal of Psy-chiatry. 2005; 59(5):319-24. [DOI:10.1080/08039480500320025] [PMID] [DOI:10.1080/08039480500320025]
3. Apfelbaum S, Regalado P, Herman L, Teitelbaum J, Gagliesi P. Comorbidity between bipolar disorder and cluster B personality disorders as indicator of affective dysregulation and clinical severity. Actas Espanolas de Psiquiatria. 2013; 41(5):269-78. [PMID] [PMID]
4. Kuo JR, Khoury JE, Metcalfe R, Fitzpatrick S, Goodwill A. An examination of the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and borderline personality disorder features: The role of difficulties with emotion regulation. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2015; 39:147-55. [DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.008] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.008]
5. Zanarini MC, Yong L, Frankenburg FR, Hennen J, Reich DB, Marino MF, et al. Severity of reported childhood sexual abuse and its relationship to severity of borderline psychopathology and psychosocial impairment among borderline inpatients. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2002; 190(6):381-7. [DOI:10.1097/00005053-200206000-00006] [PMID] [DOI:10.1097/00005053-200206000-00006]
6. Alilou MM, Hashemi T, Beirami M, Bakhshipour A, Sharifi MA. [Investigating the relationship between childhood maltreatment, loss and initial separation and emotional dysregulation with borderline personality disorder (Persian)]. Journal of Psychology Achievements. 2014; 21(2):65-88.
7. Laporte L, Paris J, Guttman H, Russell J, Correa JA. Using a sibling design to compare childhood adversities in female patients with BPD and their sisters. Child Maltreatment. 2012; 17(4):318-29. [DOI:10.1177/1077559512461173] [PMID] [DOI:10.1177/1077559512461173]
8. Trickett PK, Mennen FE, Kim K, Sang J. Emotional abuse in a sample of multiply maltreated, urban young adolescents: Issues of definition and identification. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2009; 33(1):27-35. [DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.003] [PMID] [PMCID] [DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.12.003]
9. Van Dijke A, Ford JD, van Son M, Frank L, van der Hart O. Association of childhood-trauma-by-primary caregiver and affect dysregulation with borderline personality disorder symptoms in adulthood. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 2013; 5(3):217-24. [DOI:10.1037/a0027256] [DOI:10.1037/a0027256]
10. Lieb K, Zanarini MC, Schmahl C, Linehan MM, Bohus M. Borderline personality disorder. The Lancet. 2004; 364(9432):453-61. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16770-6] [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(04)16770-6]
11. Cassidy J, Phillip R. Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical application. New York: Guilford Press, 2016.
12. Levy KN. The implications of attachment theory and research for understanding borderline personality disorder. Development and Psychopathology. 2005; 17(4):959-86. [DOI:10.1017/S0954579405050455] [PMID] [DOI:10.1017/S0954579405050455]
13. Aaronson CJ, Bender DS, Skodol AE, Gunderson JG. Comparison of attachment styles in borderline personality disorder and obses-sive-compulsive personality disorder. Psychiatric Quarterly. 2006; 77(1):69-80. [DOI:10.1007/s11126-006-7962-x] [PMID] [DOI:10.1007/s11126-006-7962-x]
14. Levy KN, Johnson BN, Clouthier TL, Scala J, Temes CM. An attachment theoretical framework for personality disorders. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie Canadienne. 2015; 56(2):197-207. [DOI:10.1037/cap0000025] [DOI:10.1037/cap0000025]
15. Gratz KL, Roemer L. Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and ini-tial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 2004; 26(1):41-54. [DOI:10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94] [DOI:10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94]
16. Southam-Gerow MA, Kendall PC. Emotion regulation and understanding: Implications for child psychopathology and therapy. Clinical Psychology Review. 2002; 22(2):189-222. [DOI:10.1016/S0272-7358(01)00087-3] [DOI:10.1016/S0272-7358(01)00087-3]
17. Burns EE, Jackson JL, Harding HG. Child maltreatment, emotion regulation, and posttraumatic stress: The impact of emotional abuse. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. 2010; 19(8):801-19. [DOI:10.1080/10926771.2010.522947] [DOI:10.1080/10926771.2010.522947]
18. IBM. IBM SPSS statistics for windows, version 22.0. Armonk, New York: IBM; 2013.
19. Jöreskog KG, Sörbom D, du Toit S. LISREL 8: New statistical features. Portland: Scientific Software International; 2001. [PMID] [PMID]
20. Arbuckle JL. IBM SPSS Amos 19 user's guide. Crawfordville, Florida: Amos Development Corporation; 2010.
21. Kline R. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press; 2015.
22. Bernstein DP, Stein JA, Newcomb MD, Walker E, Pogge D, Ahluvalia T, et al. Development and validation of a brief screening ver-sion of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Child Abuse & Neglect. 2003; 27(2):169-90. [DOI:10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00541-0] [DOI:10.1016/S0145-2134(02)00541-0]
23. Mikaeili N, Zamanloo K. [A study of the prevalence of child abuse and its prediction from parents' depression and anxiety, attach-ment styles and mental health of their adolescent boys (Persian)]. Psychology of Exceptional Individuals. 2012; 2(5):145-66.
24. Mohammadzadeh A. [Validation of the borderline personality inventory in Iran (Persian)]. International Journal of Behavioral Scienc-es. 2009; 5(3):13-24.
25. Narimani M, Abbasi M, Abolghasemi A, Ahadi B. [A study comparing the effectiveness of acceptance/ commitment by emotional regulation training on adjustment in students with dyscalculia (Persian)]. Learning Disabilities. 2013; 2(4):154-76.
26. Pakdaman S. [A Study on the Relationship between Attachment Styles and Socialization in Adolescence (Persian)] [PhD thesis]. Tehran: University of Tehran; 2003.
27. Chou CP, Bentler PM. Estimates and tests in structural equation modeling. In: Hoyle RH, editor. Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues, and Applications. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE; 1995.
28. Hu L, Bentler PM. Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Struc-tural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal. 1999; 6(1):1–55. [DOI:10.1080/10705519909540118] [DOI:10.1080/10705519909540118]
29. Westbrook J, Berenbaum H. Emotional awareness moderates the relationship between childhood abuse and borderline personality disorder symptom factors. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2017; 73(7):910-21. [DOI:10.1002/jclp.22389] [PMID] [DOI:10.1002/jclp.22389]
30. Iwaniec D. The emotionally abused and neglected child: Identification, assessment and intervention: A practice handbook. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons; 2006.
31. Kim J, Cicchetti D. Longitudinal pathways linking child maltreatment, emotion regulation, peer relations, and psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2010; 51(6):706-16. [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02202.x] [PMID] [PMCID] [DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2009.02202.x]
32. Winsper C, Hall J, Strauss VY, Wolke D. Aetiological pathways to Borderline Personality Disorder symptoms in early adolescence: childhood dysregulated behaviour, maladaptive parenting and bully victimisation. Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation. 2017; 4(1):10. [DOI:10.1186/s40479-017-0060-x] [PMID] [PMCID] [DOI:10.1186/s40479-017-0060-x]
33. Neumann E. Emotional abuse in childhood and attachment anxiety in adult romantic relationships as predictors of personality dis-orders. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma. 2017; 26(4):430-43. [DOI:10.1080/10926771.2017.1299826] [DOI:10.1080/10926771.2017.1299826]
34. Critchfield KL, Levy KN, Clarkin JF, Kernberg OF. The relational context of aggression in borderline personality disorder: Using adult attachment style to predict forms of hostility. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2008; 64(1):67-82. [DOI:10.1002/jclp.20434] [PMID] [DOI:10.1002/jclp.20434]
35. Aghayousefi A, Saravani S, Zeraatee R, Razeghi FS, Pourabdol S. [Prediction of students' academic performance based on attach-ment styles and different levels of adjustment (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology. 2016; 21(4):308-16.
36. Hazan C, Shaver P. Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1987; 52(3):511. [DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511] [PMID] [DOI:10.1037/0022-3514.52.3.511]
37. Maughan A, Cicchetti D. Impact of child maltreatment and interadult violence on children's emotion regulation abilities and socio-emotional adjustment. Child Development. 2002; 73(5):1525-42. [DOI:10.1111/1467-8624.00488] [PMID] [DOI:10.1111/1467-8624.00488]
38. Cicchetti D, Lynch M. Toward an ecological/transactional model of community violence and child maltreatment: Consequences for children's development. Psychiatry. 1993; 56(1):96-118. [DOI:10.1080/00332747.1993.11024624] [PMID] [DOI:10.1080/00332747.1993.11024624]
39. Conklin CZ, Bradley R, Westen D. Affect regulation in borderline personality disorder. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease. 2006; 194(2):69-77. [DOI:10.1097/01.nmd.0000198138.41709.4f] [PMID] [DOI:10.1097/01.nmd.0000198138.41709.4f]
40. Bierer LM, Yehuda R, Schmeidler J, Mitropoulou V, New AS, Silverman JM, et al. Abuse and neglect in childhood: Relationship to per-sonality disorder diagnoses. CNS Spectrums. 2003; 8(10):737-54. [DOI:10.1017/S1092852900019118] [PMID] [DOI:10.1017/S1092852900019118]
41. Kuo JR, Linehan MM. Disentangling emotion processes in borderline personality disorder: Physiological and self-reported assessment of biological vulnerability, baseline intensity, and reactivity to emotionally evocative stimuli. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 2009; 118(3):531-44. [DOI:10.1037/a0016392] [PMID] [PMCID] [DOI:10.1037/a0016392]
42. Kuo JR, Fitzpatrick S, Metcalfe RK, McMain S. A multi-method laboratory investigation of emotional reactivity and emotion regulation abilities in borderline personality disorder. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry. 2016; 50:52-60. [DOI:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.05.002] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.05.002]

Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
CAPTCHA

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

© 2024 CC BY-NC 4.0 | Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb