Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the factor structure and reliability of the Persian version of “Wagnild and Young’s Resilience Scale” in institutionalized adolescents. Method: Considering Wild et al approach the scale was translated to Persian and back-translated; its content and face validity were determined on the basis of comments of specialists in fields of nursing, psychology, social welfare and institutionalized adolescence. Based on inclusion criteria convenience sampling was used and 223 adolescences were investigated. The tool’s construct validity was assessed by confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used for assessing internal consistency. For reliability, test-retest within a two-week interval was used. Results: The result of confirmatory factor analysis (first time) was not confirmative for two factors of scale in Persian version. Exploratory Factor analysis revealed five factors explaining 43.80 of variance of total scores. Data goodness of fit was shown with Persian version of five factors model using confirmatory factor analysis (second time). The Cronbach’s alpha for the whole scale was 0.77, and intra-cluster correlation coefficient (ICC) within two times application of scale in two weeks interval was 0.90 (p<0.001). The mean score of adolescents’ resilience scale (RS) was 84.41±11.01, which was assessed moderate. Conclusion: Persian version of RS can measure various dimensions of resiliency in institutionalized adolescents and has suitable validity and reliability.